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Early life.

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The early postnatal period is a crucial stage for hippocampal development. During this critical period, the neonatal hippocampus is highly sensitive to the detrimental consequences of adverse environmental factors. Extensive clinical and preclinical evidence has shown that traumatic events early in life have profound and persistent effects on hippocampal function and behavior. This research topic focuses on the acute and lasting effects of early-life stress on various developmental processes in the hippocampus, and aims to uncover the molecules that are responsible for early-life stress-programmed effects and underlie resilience or vulnerability to stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders later in life. We hope the articles in this research topic will provide novel insights and stimulate future studies on the mechanisms of early-life stress and brain development.

development --- molecular mechanism --- early-life stress --- plasticity --- Hippocampus --- psychiatric disorders

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Adverse Childhood Experiences: Using Evidence to Advance Research, Practice, Policy, and Prevention defines ACEs, provides a summary of the past 20 years of ACEs research, as well as provides guidance for the future directions for the field. It includes a review of the original ACEs Study, definitions of ACEs, and how ACEs are typically assessed. Other content includes a review of how ACEs are related to mental and physical health outcome, the neurodevelopmental mechanisms linking ACEs to psychopathology, sexual violence and sexual health outcomes, and violence across the lifespan. Important and contemporary issues in the field, like reconsidering how ACEs should be defined and assessed, the appropriateness of routine ACEs screening, thinking about ACEs from a public health and global perspective, strategies for preventing ACEs, understanding ACEs and trauma-informed care and resilience, and the importance of safe stable and nurturing environments for children are discussed. Adverse Childhood Experiences is a useful evidence-based resource for professionals working with children and families, including physicians, nurses, social workers, psychologists, lawyers, judges, as well as public health leaders, policy makers, and government delegates. Reviews the past 20 years of ACEs research Examines ACEs and mental and physical health Discusses the neurodevelopment mechanisms of ACEs and psychopathology Examines ACEs and violence across the lifespan Reconsiders the definition and assessment of ACEs Examines the issue of routine ACEs screening Discusses ACEs from a public health and global perspective Summarizes effective ACEs prevention, trauma-informed care, and resilience Provides recommendations for the future directions of the ACEs field

Psychic trauma in children. --- Child psychology. --- Psychology, Child --- Child --- Infant --- Stress Disorders, Traumatic --- Adaptation, Psychological --- therapy --- Adaptation, Psychologic --- Coping Skills --- Psychological Adaptation --- Behavior, Adaptive --- Coping Behavior --- Adaptive Behavior --- Adaptive Behaviors --- Behavior, Coping --- Behaviors, Adaptive --- Behaviors, Coping --- Coping Behaviors --- Coping Skill --- Psychologic Adaptation --- Skill, Coping --- Skills, Coping --- Allostasis --- Resilience, Psychological --- Infants --- Children --- Minors --- Psychology, Infant --- Psychology, Pediatric --- Child Psychology --- Infant Psychology --- Pediatric Psychology --- Psychology, Developmental --- Behavior, Child --- Child behavior --- Child study --- Pediatric psychology --- Child development --- Developmental psychology --- Child psychopathology --- psychology --- Psychology --- Adjustment --- Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders --- Adverse Childhood Experiences. --- Early Life Stress --- Early-Life Stress --- Adverse Childhood Experience --- Childhood Experience, Adverse --- Childhood Experiences, Adverse --- Early Life Stresses --- Early-Life Stresses --- Life Stress, Early --- Life Stresses, Early --- Stress, Early Life --- Stress, Early-Life --- Stresses, Early Life --- Stresses, Early-Life --- Psychology, Child. --- Child. --- Infant. --- Adaptation, Psychological. --- therapy.

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Neuroactive chemicals are the largest group of micropollutants present in European rivers. There is increasing concern about the behavioral effects of these neuroactive chemicals on aquatic wildlife, potentially resulting in detrimental effects on individual, population, and community levels of ecological organization. This Special Issue, titled “Behavioral Impairment in Aquatic Organisms Exposed to Neurotoxic Pollutants”, presents original research and review articles addressing behavioral impairment induced by different aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate species to neuroactive chemicals. The selected studies include different methodological approaches, such as multi-compartment, automated plug and play, and homemade setups systems. We believe that this collection provides essential information regarding research and challenges on the behavioral ecotoxicity of invertebrate and vertebrate aquatic organisms, as well as the molecular mechanisms behind these effects.

avoidance --- behavior --- habitat selection --- multi-compartmented systems --- non-forced exposure --- repellency --- natural products --- fungicides --- early development --- teratogenicity --- zebrafish --- behaviour --- oxidative stress --- ecotoxicology --- artemia --- psychotropics --- behavioural ecotoxicology --- mixture toxicity --- neurotoxicity --- antagonism --- organophosphate --- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors --- GABA --- risk assessment --- spontaneous movement activity --- zebrafish larvae --- serotonin --- neurotransmitters --- modulation --- copper --- glyphosate --- chlorpyrifos --- early life stages --- rainbow trout --- swimming behavior --- DNA damage --- development --- Daphnia magna --- neurotransmitter --- pharmaceuticals --- pharmaceuticals in the environment --- environmental risk assessment --- fish --- mixture toxicology --- predictive toxicology --- pollution --- n/a

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Urban street space is challenged with a variety of emerging usages and users, such as various vehicles with different speeds, passenger pick-up and drop-off by mobility services, increasing parking demand for a variety of private and shared vehicles, new powertrains (e.g., charging units), and new vehicles and services fueled by digitalization and vehicle automation. These new usages compete with established functions of streets such as providing space for mobility, social interactions, and cultural and recreational activities. The combination of these functions makes streets focal points of communities that do not only fulfill a functional role but also provide identity to cities. Streets are prominent parts of cities and are essential to sustainable transport plans. The main aim of the Street Networks and Sustainable Transportation collection is to focus on urban street networks and their effects on sustainable transportation. Accordingly, various street elements related to mobility, public transport, parking, design, and movement of people and goods at the street level can be included.

consecutive signalized arterials --- urban street --- hierarchical longitudinal control --- optimal control --- connected and automated vehicles --- walking --- pedestrians --- urban street design --- pedestrian facilities --- link and place functions --- sidewalk --- walkability --- cycling --- cycling facilities --- bike lanes --- sustainable commute mode --- walkability assessment tool --- measurement quality appraisal --- walking environment --- walking needs --- sustainable urban form --- urban networks analysis --- street connectivity --- Arab Gulf urbanization --- tolerable travel time --- university students --- built environment --- early life-course --- Bayesian network --- machine learning --- autonomous vehicles --- vulnerable road users --- public perception --- most effective variables --- pedestrian fatality --- road accident --- Bayesian neural network --- Bayesian theorem --- sustainable road network development --- sustainable vehicle ownership --- nonlinear relationships --- XGBT --- sustainable travel to public transit stations --- complex relationship --- Bayesian network algorithm --- work trip