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Engineering sciences. Technology --- System Analysis --- Theses --- System analysis. --- Flood damage prevention. --- Drought management. --- Management of droughts --- Hazard mitigation --- Flood hazard mitigation --- Flood proofing --- Flood protection --- Floodproofing --- City planning --- Flood control --- Floods --- Network analysis --- Network science --- Network theory --- Systems analysis --- System theory --- Mathematical optimization

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Perçues comme un moment exceptionnel et tragique de l’histoire des communautés anciennes, les catastrophes naturelles ne cessèrent, tout au long de l’Antiquité, de susciter l’étonnement, l’irraison et la peur. Elles furent l’objet de débats entre les défenseurs d’une opinion rationnelle, fondée sur la compréhension de l’harmonie et de la démesure du monde, et ceux qui, intrigués par la violence de tels phénomènes, en tenaient pour responsables les divinités. Il est néanmoins frappant de constater que les Grecs ne disposaient pas de mot pour désigner une catastrophe naturelle. L’enquête proposée ici repose donc sur une définition et un paradigme contemporains, l’étude des implications sociales qu’un aléa naturel impose aux sociétés. Loin de céder au fatalisme, les communautés surent s’adapter progressivement aux contraintes de leur environnement, tirèrent de ces expériences des enseignements au sujet des comportements à adopter et prirent des mesures efficaces afin de surmonter l’événement dévastateur. Les réactions populaires soulignent aussi la variété des attitudes face aux catastrophes : actes de bravoure ou de piété religieuse, évacuation des zones sinistrées, sollicitation des réseaux de voisinage, reconstruction des édifices ruinés. Ces réponses apportées au désastre révèlent les réalités quotidiennes dans les cités grecques. La catastrophe ne rompt ainsi pas le temps vécu, mais s’inscrit, au contraire, dans un processus historique de longue durée. Throughout Antiquity, natural disasters, seen as exceptional and tragic moments in the history of ancient communities, never ceased to evoke astonishment, irrationality and fear. They were the subject of debates between the defenders of rational opinions founded on an understanding of the world’s harmony and excess, and those who were puzzled by the violence of such phenomenas and held the gods responsible for them. Nevertheless, it is a surprise to discover that the Greeks did not have a word for ‘natural…

Natural disasters --- Catastrophes naturelles --- History --- Risk assessment --- Social aspects --- Religious aspects. --- Histoire --- Evaluation du risque --- Aspect social --- Aspect religieux --- Greece --- Grèce --- Social life and customs --- History. --- Themes, motives --- Archéologie et catastrophes naturelles --- Hazardous geographic environments --- Disaster relief --- Earthquake resistant design --- Flood damage prevention --- City planning --- Forced migration --- Forecasting. --- Government policy --- Safety measures --- Environmental aspects --- Religious life and customs. --- Grèce --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Flood hazard mitigation --- Flood proofing --- Flood protection --- Floodproofing --- Flood control --- Floods --- Hazard mitigation --- Aseismic design --- Seismic design --- Earthquake engineering --- Structural design --- Vertical evacuation structures --- Disaster assistance --- Emergency assistance in disasters --- Emergency relief --- Emergency management --- Human services --- Natural calamities --- Disasters --- Environments, Hazardous geographic --- Human ecology --- Management --- Griechische Welt --- Griechenland --- antike geschichtsschreibung --- Altes Griechenland --- naturkatastrophe --- Archéologie et catastrophes naturelles