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"Contemporary critical thinking was founded by Karl Marx approximately a century and a half ago. Later, in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, various critical thinkers (some Marxist, others not) further developed this perspective in studying the most important issues of their day: for instance, the future death of art, the conditions and limitations of how we understand and perceive time, the essential questions of how popular culture functions and expresses itself, the role of popular protest and the "moral economy of the crowd," the limits and crises facing modern bourgeois reason, and how to characterize today's capitalist world. This book is a careful, rigorous review of these fundamental lessons in critical theory and critical thought as developed by the some of the most important social thinkers of our age: Karl Marx, Walter Benjamin, Fernand Braudel, Mikhail Bakhtin, E. P. Thompson, Carlo Ginzburg, and Immanuel Wallerstein"--
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Le présent recueil vise à donner une vue d'ensemble de l'itinéraire de Horkheimer : composé en majeure partie de textes publiés d'abord dans la Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung, au cours des années 1930-1940, il contient les trois grands essais, Matérialisme et morale (1933), A propos de la querelle du rationalisme dans la philosophie contemporaine (1934) et Sur le problème de la vérité (1935), qui annoncent le « Manifeste » de 1937, Théorie traditionnelle et théorie critique. Des textes, antérieur ? la présentation institutionnelle de l'Institut de recherches sociales (1931) ? et postérieur ? la conférence de 1970, La Théorie critique hier et aujourd'hui ?, permettent de s'interroger sur la périodisation de la théorie critique ; faut-il en penser le développement sous le signe de l'évolution ou de la rupture ? L'Etat autoritaire (1942) pose la question politique fondamentale de notre temps. Trois grandes tâches requièrent la théorie critique : Faire prendre conscience à toute théorie de l'intérêt social qui l'anime et la détermine. Travailler à la constitution d'une société répondant aux exigences de la raison. Déconstruire le devenir de la raison pour en distinguer les différentes figures. Volonté d'émancipation, persévérance, décision sont les qualités propres de la raison matérialiste. Contre l'Etat autoritaire et les théories qui en font un destin, demeure la question : qu'est-ce que penser la liberté ? « Tant que l'histoire universelle va son chemin logique, elle ne remplit pas sa destination humaine. ».
Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Critical theory
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Anticolonial theorists and revolutionaries have long turned to dialectical thought as a central weapon in their fight against oppressive structures and conditions. This relationship was never easy, however, as anticolonial thinkers have resisted the historical determinism, teleology, Eurocentrism, and singular emphasis that some Marxisms place on class identity at the expense of race, nation, and popular identity. In recent decades, the conflict between dialectics and postcolonial theory has only deepened. In Decolonizing Dialectics George Ciccariello-Maher breaks this impasse by bringing the work of Georges Sorel, Frantz Fanon, and Enrique Dussel together with contemporary Venezuelan politics to formulate a dialectics suited to the struggle against the legacies of colonialism and slavery. This is a decolonized dialectics premised on constant struggle in which progress must be fought for and where the struggles of the wretched of the earth themselves provide the only guarantee of historical motion.
Dialectic --- Postcolonialism --- Critical theory
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