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Convention (Philosophy) --- Philosophy, French.

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#GROL:MEDO-165.731.3 --- Convention (Philosophy) --- Logical positivism --- History

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Que nos énoncés aient une signification, cela semble aller de soi. Mais en quoi consiste la signification d’un énoncé? Wittgenstein répondait qu’elle réside dans l’usage qui en est fait.L’intention du présent ouvrage est de préciser cette idée pour un type d’usage spécifique : l’usage cognitif qui consiste à décrire des choses ou des processus observables et, plus généralement, à délivrer des connaissances sur le monde. Contre l’idée largement répandue selon laquelle le vérificationnisme ne serait plus qu’une curiosité historique, nous tentons, en prenant pour point de départ les positions de Carnap et de Schlick, d’en montrer tout l’intérêt pour comprendre nos attributions de signification cognitive. A cette fin, nous proposons non pas une théorie, mais une explication où il apparaît que les normes de notre langage jouent un rôle essentiel et que l’empirisme fondationnaliste doit laisser place à un réalisme empirique, plus conforme à nos usages du langage naturel, ordinaire ou scientifique.

Convention (Philosophy) --- Verification (Empiricism) --- Language and languages --- Convention (Philosophie) --- Vérification (Empirisme) --- Langage et langues --- Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Schlick, Moritz, --- Carnap, Rudolf, --- Philosophy, French --- Carnap, Rudolf, - 1891-1970 --- Schlick, Moritz, - 1882-1936

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Social conventions are those arbitrary rules and norms governing the countless behaviors all of us engage in every day without necessarily thinking about them, from shaking hands when greeting someone to driving on the right side of the road. In this book, Andrei Marmor offers a pathbreaking and comprehensive philosophical analysis of conventions and the roles they play in social life and practical reason, and in doing so challenges the dominant view of social conventions first laid out by David Lewis. Marmor begins by giving a general account of the nature of conventions, explaining the differences between coordinative and constitutive conventions and between deep and surface conventions. He then applies this analysis to explain how conventions work in language, morality, and law. Marmor clearly demonstrates that many important semantic and pragmatic aspects of language assumed by many theorists to be conventional are in fact not, and that the role of conventions in the moral domain is surprisingly complex, playing mostly an auxiliary and supportive role. Importantly, he casts new light on the conventional foundations of law, arguing that the distinction between deep and surface conventions can be used to answer the prevalent objections to legal conventionalism. Social Conventions is a much-needed reappraisal of the nature of the rules that regulate virtually every aspect of human conduct.

Convention (Philosophy) --- Social sciences --- Language and languages --- Philosophy --- Conventionnalisme --- Droit --- Philosophie du langage --- Philosophie --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy of language --- Legal theory and methods. Philosophy of law --- Social philosophy --- Social theory --- Conventionnalisme. --- Philosophie du langage. --- Philosophie. --- Social sciences - Philosophy --- Language and languages - Philosophy