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This book presents the results of a work that aimed to know and systematize information on the regulation of TV, both open and by subscription, in the Mercosur countries. It comparatively analyses the regulatory processes that each of them has recently undergone.

Television broadcasting --- Television broadcasting policy --- MERCOSUR (Organization) --- Television broadcasting and state --- Broadcasting policy --- Telecasting --- Television --- Television industry --- Broadcasting --- Mass media --- Government policy --- Mercado Común del Sur --- Mercosul (Organization) --- Southern Cone Common Market --- Common Market of the South --- Mercado Común del Cono Sur --- Unión de Naciones Suramericanas

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First collective effort of specialists, dealing in depth with the issue of human resources in health in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. The book addresses the integration process and reflects on the situation in the field of human resources in these countries, with a focus on training, professional practice and the labour market - crossing and analysing data, comparing them - in the search for the establishment of a real picture. It also includes the Treaty for the Constitution of a Common Market (the Treaty of Asunción) and the Regulation of the Mercosur Joint Parliamentary Commission.

Medical personnel --- Supply and demand --- MERCOSUR (Organization) --- Health care personnel --- Health care professionals --- Health manpower --- Health personnel --- Health professions --- Health sciences personnel --- Health services personnel --- Healthcare professionals --- Medical manpower --- Professional employees --- Mercado Común del Sur --- Mercosul (Organization) --- Southern Cone Common Market --- Common Market of the South --- Mercado Común del Cono Sur --- Unión de Naciones Suramericanas --- Recursos humanos em saúde - Brasil --- Recursos humanos em saúde - Paraguai --- Recursos humanos em saúde - Argentina --- Recursos humanos em saúde - Uruguai

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In January 1995, four Latin American countries, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay joined their destinies within a common and ambitious enterprise called MERCOSUR. MERCOSUR, the Common Market of the South, represents an important economic integration area that generates a GDP of $US 600 billion, providing a market of 200 million people spread over an area of 12 million square km. Initially, MERCOSUR performance has been more than successful, as intra-MERCOSUR trade has increased significantly. However, the elimination of intra-MERCOSUR tariffs will not be efficient if at the same time the sharp variability of nominal exchange rates artificially affects the relative prices of different products. The question as to the choice of the optimal exchange rate system to be adopted among MERCOSUR countries becomes critical if MERCOSUR states attempt to go further along the path of increasing their trade flows of goods and services. The study contributes to filling this gap by providing some alternative answers to this issue. The analysis has been based on three pillars: a theoretical review of exchange rate systems; a review of the European experience; and an analysis of the Latin American experience.

EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- LAM / Latin America - Latijns Amerika - Amérique Latine --- 333.825 --- 334.151.27 --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies. --- Europees monetair stelsel. --- Foreign exchange rates --- Exchange rates --- Fixed exchange rates --- Flexible exchange rates --- Floating exchange rates --- Fluctuating exchange rates --- Foreign exchange --- Rates of exchange --- Deviezenpolitiek. Interventies --- Europees monetair stelsel --- Rates --- MERCOSUR (Organization) --- Mercado Común del Sur --- Mercosul (Organization) --- Southern Cone Common Market --- Common Market of the South --- Mercado Común del Cono Sur --- Unión de Naciones Suramericanas --- South America --- Economic integration. --- Political science & theory --- Monetary economics --- International economics --- European --- Exchange --- from --- Lessons --- Marengo --- MERCOSUR --- Policy --- Rate --- Union

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À l'heure où les projets d'intégration régionale se multiplient en Amérique, afin d'adapter les systèmes économiques locaux aux nécessités de la mondialisation, Alena et Mercosur apparaissent comme de véritables laboratoires pour le grand projet de Zone de libre échange des Amériques soutenu par Washington et dont la mise en œuvre est prévue à l'horizon 2005. Pourtant, les limites internationales héritées de l'époque coloniale et des guerres d'indépendance continuent à jouer un rôle majeur dans l'organisation des territoires. En outre, de nombreux litiges frontaliers empoisonnent toujours les relations entre pays membres d'une même communauté. L'établissement de blocs économiques d'importance variable (en superficie, poids démographique, puissance industrielle et financière...) n'est donc qu'une réponse parmi d'autres au problème latent du mal-développement latino-américain. Or, malgré toutes les déclarations d'intention des gouvernements et des experts de la Banque interaméricaine de développement (BID), qui jonglent avec une série de mots-clefs dont le sens varie d'un pays à l'autre (développement durable, démocratie, progrès social), la fracture Nord-Sud semble loin de s'effacer, bien au contraire, et les tensions restent vives sur les marchés comme dans la rue. C'est pourquoi il apparaît nécessaire de s'interroger sur les enjeux et les limites d'un processus d'intégration présenté comme inéluctable mais dont on ignore encore la forme qu'il pourra prendre, depuis la simple zone de libre échange (type Alena), jusqu'à l'union monétaire (type Union européenne) - à moins que la dollarisation de fait des économies latino -américaines ne mette un terme (provisoire) à toutes les spéculations.

MERCOSUR (Organization) --- Canada. --- Latin America --- Amérique latine --- Foreign economic relations --- Economic integration --- Relations économiques extérieures --- Intégration économique --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- America --- Economic integration. --- Foreign economic relations. --- Boundaries. --- 341.17 <8> --- 339.92 MERCOSUR --- Regionale associaties of unies van staten--Zuid-Amerika --- Mercado Común del Sur --- Mercosul (Organization) --- Southern Cone Common Market --- Common Market of the South --- Mercado Común del Cono Sur --- Unión de Naciones Suramericanas --- Americas --- Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio countries --- Neotropical region --- Neotropics --- New World tropics --- Spanish America --- New World --- Western Hemisphere --- 341.17 <8> Internationale organisaties. Regionale internationale organisaties--Zuid-Amerika --- 341.17 <8> Regionale associaties of unies van staten--Zuid-Amerika --- Internationale organisaties. Regionale internationale organisaties--Zuid-Amerika --- Amérique latine --- Relations économiques extérieures --- Intégration économique --- Mexico. --- United States. --- North American Free Trade Agreement --- NAFTA --- Tratado Trilateral de Libre Comercio --- TTLC --- Tratado de Libre Comercio en América del Norte --- TLCAN --- Tratado de Libre Comercio de Norteamérica --- Hokubei Jiyū Bōeki Kyōtei --- Acordo Norte-Americano de Livre Comércio --- T.L.C. --- TLC --- Accord de libre-échange nord-américain --- ALENA --- Tratado de Libre Comercio --- Agreement between Canada, the United States of America, and the United Mexican States --- Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte --- United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement --- Amérique du Sud --- Mercado común del Sur (MERCOSUR) --- Accord de libre-échange nord-américain (1992) --- intégration économique

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This book offers a compelling new interpretation of the proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) at the end of the twentieth century. Challenging the widespread assumption that RTAs should be seen as fundamentally similar economic initiatives to pursue free trade, Francesco Duina proposes that the world is reorganizing itself into regions that are highly distinctive and enduring. With evidence from Europe, North America, and South America, he challenges our understanding of globalization, the nature of markets, and the spread of neoliberalism. The pursuit of free trade is a profoundly social process and, as such, a unique endeavor wherever it takes place. In an unprecedented comparative analysis, the book offers striking evidence of differences in the legal architectures erected to standardize the worldview of market participants and the reaction of key societal organizations--interest groups, businesses, and national administrations--to a broader marketplace. The author gives special attention to developments in three key areas of economic life: women in the workplace, the dairy industry, and labor rights. With its bold and original approach and its impressive range of data, The Social Construction of Free Trade represents a major advance in the growing fields of economic sociology and comparative regional integration.

Foreign trade. International trade --- Commercial law --- Mercosur --- North American Free Trade Agreement --- European Union --- Free trade. --- Free trade --- Regionalism. --- Trade blocs. --- Libre-échange --- Régionalisme --- Blocs commerciaux --- Social aspects. --- Aspect social --- European Union. --- Canada. --- MERCOSUR (Organization) --- MERCUSOR -- 327.373 --- FREE TRADE -- 347.74 --- EU -- 347.74 --- NAFTA -- 347.74 --- MERCUSOR -- 347.74 --- FREE TRADE -- 346.45 --- NAFTA -- 346.45 --- MERCUSOR -- 346.45 --- NAFTA -- 327.373 --- AA / International- internationaal --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- LAM / Latin America - Latijns Amerika - Amérique Latine --- 334.80 --- 337.550 --- Europese Unie --- Latijns-Amerika --- globalisering --- handel, internationaal --- internationale samenwerking inzake prijzen, handel en verkeer: algemeen. --- Douane-unies (algemeenheden). --- MERCOSUR (Organization). --- Libre-échange --- Régionalisme --- Regional economic blocs --- Regional trading blocs --- Trading blocs --- Free trade and protection --- Trade, Free --- Trade liberalization --- Mexico. --- United States. --- E.U. --- Mercado Común del Sur --- Mercosul (Organization) --- Southern Cone Common Market --- Common Market of the South --- Mercado Común del Cono Sur --- International trade --- Human geography --- Nationalism --- Interregionalism --- Unión de Naciones Suramericanas --- Regionalism --- Trade blocs --- Social aspects --- internationale samenwerking inzake prijzen, handel en verkeer: algemeen --- Douane-unies (algemeenheden) --- NAFTA --- Tratado Trilateral de Libre Comercio --- TTLC --- Tratado de Libre Comercio en América del Norte --- TLCAN --- Tratado de Libre Comercio de Norteamérica --- Hokubei Jiyū Bōeki Kyōtei --- Acordo Norte-Americano de Livre Comércio --- T.L.C. --- TLC --- Accord de libre-échange nord-américain --- ALENA --- Tratado de Libre Comercio --- Agreement between Canada, the United States of America, and the United Mexican States --- Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte --- United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement