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Once viewed solely as fat storage cells, adipocytes and their adipokines have now been proven to be central for human health. Understanding that overweight and obesity may increase the risk for various diseases requires detailed characterization of adipokine function. Weight gain, weight regain, and fasting affect adipocyte health and accordingly their secretome. Different adipose tissue deposits exist and they vary in cellular composition and function. The evidence is strong of a role of adipokines in cancer, reproductive function, neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases ,and rheumatoid arthritis. Adipokines are considered useful biomarkers for adipose tissue and metabolic health, and may be used as diagnostic tools in rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, or sepsis. This book contains 10 original articles and 9 review articles focusing on these bioactive peptides. Several articles deal with chemerin, an adipokine discovered more than 20 years ago. Data so far have resulted in promising insights related to its biological function. We are only beginning to understand the multiple roles of chemerin, the mechanisms regulating its activity, and the signaling pathways used by this chemokine. Adipokine receptor agonists and antagonists may result in the formulation of novel drugs and ultimately may lead to new therapeutic targets to be used in clinical practice.

n/a --- lipids --- cathepsins --- neurodegeneration --- tocilizumab --- SGBS adipocytes --- chemerin receptors --- cholesterol --- metabolically healthy obese --- energy metabolism --- adipose-brain axis --- EP3 receptor --- leptin --- rheumatoid arthritis --- excessive gestational weight gain --- in vitro fat regain --- secreted frizzled-related protein 5 --- PCOS --- EP4 receptor --- leukocyte --- exchange protein directly activated by cAMP isoform 2 (EPAC2) --- extracellular remodeling --- insulin --- osteoarthritis --- lipid metabolism --- fat mass --- Tango bioassay --- fatty liver --- free fatty acids --- label-free proteomic profiling --- interleukin(IL)-33 --- sick fat --- polycystic ovary syndrome --- early-life programming --- inflammation --- gestational diabetes --- glucose restriction --- adipokines --- neonatal anthropometry --- epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) --- oestrous cycle --- Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) --- triglycerides --- G protein-coupled receptor 1 --- testicular pathologies --- prognosis --- ovary --- ICU --- biologic activity --- preeclempsia --- adipokine --- critical illness --- early pregnancy --- myokine --- liver steatosis --- C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 --- testis --- stimulating growth factor 2 (ST2) --- pig --- fitness --- human granulosa cells --- obesity --- proteolysis --- annexins --- adipose tissue --- biomarker --- ghrelin --- brain health --- sepsis --- adiponectin --- rheumatic diseases --- chemokine-like receptor 1 --- follicular fluid --- glucose homeostasis --- resistin --- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease --- prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) --- visceral fat --- microglia --- weight regain --- complement factors --- alpha-fetoprotein --- polycystic ovary morphology --- chemerin --- cancer --- depression --- hypertension --- hypothalamus