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This book focuses on the use of GIScience in conjunction with historical visual sources to resolve past scenarios. The themes, knowledge gained and methodologies conducted might be of interest to a variety of scholars from the social science and humanities disciplines.

land use/land cover (LULC) --- landscapes --- historical maps --- Geographic Information System (GIS) --- agriculture --- vineyards --- olive groves --- Ein Karem --- Bethlehem --- Hebron --- urban geomorphology --- anthropogenic landforms --- old maps --- contour lines --- Genoa --- historical GIS --- HGIS --- GIS tools --- fishnet --- grid --- urban morphology --- Inoh’s map --- coastlines --- terrain --- land use --- uncertainty --- visibility --- topographic accessibility --- Central Europe --- information system --- Vltava River --- geolocation --- photographs --- historical visual sources --- graph embeddings --- geospatial descriptors --- indexing and retrieval of historical data --- GIS --- carbon balance --- rural landscape --- total environment --- historical geography --- GIScience --- visual sources --- spatial approaches --- cartography

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This Special Issue was launched to promote a subject that is deserving of more attention: the study of new metrics, indicators or evaluation methods for noise exposure, and the relationship of noise with annoyance or other health effects, thus not relying only on an average noise exposure measure. This Special Issue on the theme of the New Indicators for the Assessment and Prevention of Noise Nuisance has attracted the interest of authors from all over the world, with the publication of two reviews and two communications, as well as original research papers. Progress has been made in the investigated topic; however, it is still necessary to increase the awareness of the population, both in geographical terms and for workers in specific sectors, such as the marine industry. It emerged that it is essential to carry out future studies that distinguish better between different sound sources with respect to their sound quality in terms of frequency, time pattern (fluctuation, emergence), and psychoacoustic indices, because a differential human reaction to sound sources is increasingly evident. More longitudinal studies are required. However, cross-sectional studies employing a more detailed soundscape description (including background) by competing sound indices are also useful to further the required knowledge to understand the human response in terms of the broad spectrum of potential adverse effects on health and quality of life.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- sound emergence --- legislation --- annoyance --- measurement --- prediction --- uncertainty --- audibility --- signal-to-noise ratio --- sound pressure level --- field measurements --- spectrum analysis --- interior noise and vibration of vehicle --- COVID-19 --- noise --- soundscape --- metrics --- indicators --- descriptors --- sound --- lockdown --- Twitter --- geolocation --- noise classification --- seafarers --- acoustic pollution --- noise onboard ship --- health impact --- environmental pollution --- noise survey --- hypertension --- environmental noise --- railway noise --- recreational noise --- airport noise --- road traffic noise --- blood pressure --- noise annoyance --- diastolic blood pressure --- helicopter cabin --- noise levels --- noise reduction --- acoustic evaluation --- IAR Puma 330 --- ultrasound --- active noise control --- adjustable PAL --- quiet areas --- macro-temporal pattern --- noise indicator --- cognitive performance --- Stroop task --- listening experiment --- port noise --- noise sources --- noise mapping --- noise mitigations --- noise modeling --- ship noise --- sustainable management --- noise exposure prevention --- noise measurements --- research projects --- noise indicators --- noise metrics --- psychoacoustic --- nuisance --- sleep disturbance --- peak noise --- impulsive events --- health related quality of life --- health effects

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Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR) is an important remote sensing technology used for topographic mapping and deformation monitoring, and has created a new type of radar datum that has significantly evolved during the last couple of decades. This book includes the latest InSAR studies published in the Special Issue “InSAR Signal and Data Processing” of Sensors. We hope that readers of all levels will be able to gain a better understanding of InSAR as well as the when, how, and why of applying this technology.

time-series InSAR --- subsidence --- GNSS --- coastal urban area --- heterogeneous array --- SAR imaging --- data cross-placement --- computing resource management --- Gaofen-3 satellite --- ScanSAR --- interferometry --- interferometric coherence --- phase compensation --- DEM geolocation --- InSAR --- Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor --- deformation --- permafrost --- interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) --- phase error calibration --- phase difference measurement --- under-sampling --- coherent accumulation --- SBAS-InSAR --- rock salt mine --- drilling solution mining --- time series --- phase unwrapping (PU) --- multi-baseline (MB) --- two-stage programming approach (TSPA) --- phase unwrapping max-flow/min-cut (PUMA) --- multibaseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) --- non-subsampled shearlet transform (NSST) --- kurtosis --- noise level eatimation --- coherence coefficient --- DEM --- DSM --- hierarchical adaptive surface fitting --- markov random field --- residue --- persistent scatterers --- polarimetric optimization --- deformation monitoring --- interferometric radar --- helicopter landing --- simulation model --- n/a