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Food, by nature, is a biological substrate and is therefore capable of supporting the growth of microbials that are potential producers of toxic compounds. Among them mycotoxins, marine biotoxins, plant toxins, cyanogenic glycosides, and toxins occurring in poisonous mushrooms pose not only a risk to both human and animal health but also impact food security and nutrition by reducing people’s access to healthy food. This book collects some of the recent key improvements of analytical methodologies for the detection of natural toxins and their metabolites in food, and highlights the challenges yet to be resolved. Special emphasis is given to emerging or less-investigated toxins, to provide the scientific community with new tools and/or data supporting a better understanding of related food safety issues.

citreoviridin --- antibody --- immunoassay --- rice --- amatoxins --- amanitins --- monoclonal antibodies --- ELISA --- death cap mushrooms --- LC-MS --- pyrrolizidine alkaloid --- honey --- Parsonsia straminea --- lycopsamine --- indicine --- Heliotropium amplexicaule --- two dimensional layered nanomaterials --- electrochemical biosensors --- microbial toxin detection --- antibodies --- aptamers --- lateral flow immunoassay --- point-of-care --- mushroom poisoning --- oleandrin --- LC-MS/MS --- plant toxins --- validation --- herbs --- urine --- Aflatoxin M1 --- milk --- strip test immunoassay --- method validation --- CBA-N2a --- standardization --- matrix effects --- absorbance data --- ciguatoxins --- brevetoxins --- saxitoxins --- biological sample --- seafood safety --- n/a

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The purpose of this volume is to show how in this area the technology, creativity and inventiveness are the basis of new and encouraging results not only in the environmental field but also in the monitoring of xenobiotics of organic and inorganic origin in complex matrices. The final objective will always be on determining the fundamental parameters of interest to set up an analytical procedure, such as precision and trueness (that together give accuracy), the limits of detection and quantification, selectivity, and especially sensitivity, or attempting to increase this

azides --- screen-printed sensors --- poly (3-octylthiophene) --- solid contact potentiometric sensors --- iron-phthalocyanine --- nitron-azide complexes --- microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction --- Solasodine --- alkaloid --- response surface methodology --- high-performance liquid chromatography --- pre-development process --- clotrimazole --- itraconazole --- stability --- method validation --- sporotrichosis --- differential pulse voltammetry --- hydrochlorothiazide --- pyridoxine --- chemometrics --- bioindication --- heavy metals --- urban soil --- Senecio vulgaris --- Poa annua --- Polygonum aviculare --- predictive models --- MIPs --- parabens --- biological matrix --- extraction procedure --- HPLC-PDA --- stationary phase characterization --- phenol --- 3-aminophenol --- wastewater --- SPMMTE --- capillary electrophoresis --- deoxynivalenol --- dcELISA kit --- performance measurement --- development --- grapevine --- bioaccumulation --- biomonitoring --- laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy --- surface pollution --- high voltage insulators --- quantitatively analysis

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This book is a collection of 13 innovative papers describing the state of the art and the future perspectives in solid-phase extraction covering several analytical fields prior to the use of gas or liquid chromatographic analysis. New sorptive materials are presented including carbon nanohorn suprastructures on paper support, melamine sponge functionalized with urea–formaldehyde co-oligomers, chiral metal–organic frameworks, UiO-66-based metal–organic frameworks, and fabric phase sorptive media for various applications. Solid-phase extraction can be applied in several formats aside from the conventional cartridges or mini-column approach, e.g., online solid-phase extraction, dispersive solid-phase microextraction, and in-syringe micro-solid-phase extraction can be very helpful for analyte pre-concentration and sample clean-up. Polycyclic musks in aqueous samples, 8-Nitroguanine in DNA by chemical derivatization antibacterial diterpenes from the roots of salvia prattii, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aater samples by bamboo charcoal-based SPE, parabens in environmental water samples, benzotriazoles as environmental pollutants, organochlorine pesticide residues in various fruit juices and water samples and synthetic peptide purification are among the applications cited in this collection. All these outstanding contributions highlight the necessity of this analytical step, present the advantages and disadvantages of each method and focus on the green analytical chemistry guidelines that have to be fulfilled in current analytical practices.

method validation --- nitrated DNA lesion --- benzotriazoles --- microextraction --- LC-MS/MS --- perfluoroalkyl acids --- antibacterial diterpenes --- in-house loaded SPE --- isotope-dilution --- polycyclic musks --- wastewater --- peptide --- HPLC-DAD --- chiral compounds --- derivatization --- extraction --- water --- enantiomeric excess --- sample preparation --- metal-organic frameworks --- solid-phase extraction --- FPSE --- melamine sponge --- preparative high-performance liquid chromatography --- GC–MS/MS --- solid phase peptide synthesis --- HPLC-PDA --- Salvia prattii --- in-syringe micro solid-phase extraction --- organochlorine pesticides --- hydrophilic solid-phase extraction --- response surface methodology --- IBD --- graphene --- sorptive phase --- paper --- liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry --- carbon nanohorns --- gradient elution --- peroxynitrite --- bamboo charcoal --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry --- environmental samples --- parabens --- solid phase extraction (SPE) --- preparative purification --- antidepressants --- online solid-phase extraction --- organic pollutants --- urea-formaldehyde co-oligomers --- personal care products --- dispersive solid-phase extraction --- fabric phase sorptive extraction --- analyte partitioning

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Nature has always been, and still is, a source of food and ingredients that are beneficial to human health. Nowadays, plant extracts are increasingly becoming important additives in the food industry due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities that delay the development of off-flavors and improve the shelf life and color stability of food products. Due to their natural origin, they are excellent candidates to replace synthetic compounds, which are generally considered to have toxicological and carcinogenic effects. The efficient extraction of these compounds from their natural sources and the determination of their activity in commercialized products have been great challenges for researchers and food chain contributors to develop products with positive effects on human health. The objective of this Special Issue is to highlight the existing evidence regarding the various potential benefits of the consumption of plant extracts and plant-extract-based products, with emphasis on in vivo works and epidemiological studies, the application of plant extracts to improving shelf life, the nutritional and health-related properties of foods, and the extraction techniques that can be used to obtain bioactive compounds from plant extracts.

gut microbiota --- natural products --- diabetes mellitus --- complications --- mechanisms --- pepper --- fermentation --- hyperglycemia --- angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition --- antioxidant --- Berberis --- food preservative --- alkaloid --- human health --- andrographolide --- reversed-phase liquid chromatography --- quantitative analysis --- method validation --- anti-inflammatory activity --- phenolic acids --- emulsions --- antioxidants --- health properties --- multidrug resistance --- doxorubicin --- MRSA --- quorum sensing --- biofilm --- rice bran --- polyphenols --- oxidative stress --- inflammation --- anti-inflammatory --- Sideritis raeseri subsp. raeseri --- essential oil --- antimicrobial --- antiproliferative activity --- Euphorbia hirta L. --- bioactive compounds --- in vitro α-amylase inhibition --- streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice --- Jujube --- hydrolysis --- anti-inflammation --- lung --- NF-κB --- Nrf2 --- HO-1 --- Kadsura spp. --- fruit parts --- phenolics --- antioxidant capacity --- in vitro health properties --- bud-derivatives --- botanicals --- UV-Visible spectroscopic fingerprint --- chemometrics --- targeted chromatographic fingerprint --- tomato pomace --- extraction --- platelet --- ultrasound --- functional ingredient --- n/a

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Since its early introduction by the Russian botanist Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet, chromatography has been undoubtedly the most powerful analytical tool in analytical chemistry. Separation, qualitative analysis, and quantitative analysis can be achieved by choosing the right conditions. Thus, numerous gas chromatographic, liquid chromatographic, and supercritical fluid chromatographic methods have been developed and applied for most types of samples and most kinds of analytes. Additionally, older varieties such as paper chromatography and thin-layer chromatography were pioneer analytical techniques in many laboratories. Especially when hyphenated to spectrometric techniques, chromatography also allows the identification of separated analytes in a single run. Highly sophisticated equipment can answer all analytical problems very quickly. Chromatographers cooperate with many scientific fields and give their lights to medical doctors, veterinarians, food scientists, biologists, dentists, archaeologists, etc. In this Special Issue, analytical chemists were invited to prove that chromatography-based separation techniques are the ultimate analytical tool and their significant contribution is reflected in ten interesting articles.

polyamine --- steroid --- breast cancer --- liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry --- serum --- photoaging --- proteomics --- genomics --- Swietenia macrophylla --- UV irradiation --- keratinocytes --- epidermal layer --- cosmetics --- natural product --- LC-MS/MS --- metabolomics --- targeted analysis --- nontargeted analysis --- sample preparation --- derivatization --- validation --- biomarkers --- mycophenolate mofetil --- mycophenolic acid --- pediatric patients --- limited sampling strategy --- multiple linear regression --- therapeutic drug monitoring --- almonds --- HPLC --- authenticity --- PCA --- tocopherols --- phenolics --- method validation --- Miang --- catechins --- caffeine --- gallic acid --- walnut septum --- UAE --- SPE --- flavonoids --- functional --- HPLC-DAD --- biotin acceptor peptide (BAP) --- biotin ligase BirA --- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) --- multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) --- protein–protein interactions (PPIs) --- proximity utilizing biotinylation (PUB) --- greener HPTLC --- paracetamol --- simultaneous determination --- microflow LC-MS --- mLC-MS/MS --- liver fibrosis --- hemopexin --- biomarker