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"Kenneth Allen Gibson, the first African American mayor of Newark, New Jersey, was born in 1931 in the town of Enterprise, Alabama. He graduated from high school in Enterprise in 1950 and joined the U.S. Army as a civil engineer. He remained in the Army until 1958. After his discharge, he took a job as a New Jersey State Highway Patrol trooper while simultaneously attending Newark College. Gibson graduated with a B.S. in Civil Engineering in 1963. After college Gibson took an engineering position for the Newark Housing Authority where he oversaw urban renewal projects from 1960-1966. In 1966, he became Newark's chief structural engineer. He was also the head of Newark's Business and Industry Coordinating Council and served as vice president of the United Community Corporation, which fought poverty in Newark during that time. In 1970 Gibson ran for Mayor of Newark, New Jersey and defeated incumbent Hugh J. Addonizio, who was subsequently convicted of extortion and conspiracy charges. Gibson took over a predominantly African American city, still recovering from the race riot of 1967 which left 23 people dead. He was credited for economic revival that resuscitated the city's economy. When he first came into office, the city was in the midst of a population loss from 400,000 to 300,000. By the end of his first term, the numbers slowly began to grow again as Gibson encouraged the return of middle class residents with urban housing developments such as Society Hill."--Provided by publisher.

Mayors --- African American mayors --- Urban renewal --- Interviews --- Gibson, Kenneth A. --- Newark (N.J.) --- Politics and government --- Economic conditions --- Social conditions --- Mayor, for the people, Newark, Kenneth Gibson, New Jersey, New Jersey, first African-American mayor of Newark, city in crisis, 1970s, black politicians, history of Newark, New Jersey history, United States, American history, leadership, 1980s, Newark politics, David Dinkins, 1967 Newark riots, Newark Rebellion, structural challenges, economic challenges, the Gibson Years, the Gibson Legacy, City of Newark 1970-1986, Americans cities, African American history, Civil Rights Movement.

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Originally conceived as part of a unifying vision for Europe, the euro is now viewed as a millstone around the neck of a continent crippled by vast debts, sluggish economies, and growing populist dissent. In Europe's Orphan, leading economic commentator Martin Sandbu presents a compelling defense of the euro. He argues that rather than blaming the euro for the political and economic failures in Europe since the global financial crisis, the responsibility lies firmly on the authorities of the eurozone and its member countries. The eurozone's self-inflicted financial calamities and economic decline resulted from a toxic cocktail of unforced policy errors by bankers, politicians, and bureaucrats; the unhealthy coziness between finance and governments; and, above all, an extreme unwillingness to restructure debt.Sandbu traces the origins of monetary union back to the desire for greater European unity after the Second World War. But the euro's creation coincided with a credit bubble that governments chose not to rein in. Once the crisis hit, a battle of both ideas and interests led to the failure to aggressively restructure sovereign and bank debt. Ideologically informed choices set in motion dynamics that encouraged more economic mistakes and heightened political tensions within the eurozone. Sandbu concludes that the prevailing view that monetary union can only work with fiscal and political union is wrong and dangerous-and risks sending the continent into further political paralysis and economic stagnation.Contending that the euro has been wrongfully scapegoated for the eurozone's troubles, Europe's Orphan charts what actually must be done for the continent to achieve an economic and political recovery.This revised edition contains a new preface addressing the economic and political implications of Brexit, as well as updated text throughout. Europe's Orphan charts what actually must be done for the continent to achieve a full recovery.

Debt relief --- Financial crises --- Eurozone. --- Euro. --- Monetary policy --- Money --- 2000-2099 --- Europe --- European Union countries --- Economic conditions --- Economic policy. --- Berlin. --- Brexit. --- Britain. --- Dublin. --- EU. --- Europe. --- European Financial Stability Facility. --- European economies. --- European economy. --- European nation states. --- European policymaking. --- European unity. --- German money. --- Germany. --- Greece. --- International Monetary Fund. --- Ireland. --- Irish banks. --- Irish economic policy. --- United Kingdom. --- account deficits. --- aggregate demand management. --- balance-of-payments crises. --- bank debt. --- collective fiscal stance. --- countercyclical fiscal policies. --- currency union. --- debt writedowns. --- debt. --- economic challenges. --- economic decline. --- economic suffering. --- euro. --- eurozone countries. --- eurozone economy. --- eurozone policymakers. --- eurozone. --- exchange rates. --- financial aid. --- financial fragmentation. --- financial markets. --- financial transfers. --- global financial crisis. --- individual currencies. --- investments. --- labour. --- monetary union. --- mutualised debt issuance. --- national autonomy. --- national governments. --- policy. --- political ill will. --- productivity. --- recession. --- rescue fund. --- restructuring. --- single currency. --- single interest rate. --- sovereign debt crisis. --- sovereign debt restructuring. --- sovereign debt. --- sovereign restructuring. --- trade. --- uncertainty. --- unity.

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Malnutrition lurks in the background of hospitalized medical patients. A large proportion of patients are malnourished upon hospital admission and patients often experience further nutritional deterioration during their stay and during disease recovery. However, although the negative effects of malnutrition on the outcomes of patients are well recognized, we still struggle to identify appropriate patients and efficacious nutritional interventions to overcome this problem. Recent studies have produced convincing evidence that adequate and timely nutritional management of medical in-patients can contribute to the prevention of negative consequences and thus improve the clinical outcome of patients. This Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine focuses on multiple practical aspects of nutritional management of medical in-patients, from screening for nutritional risk to the practical implementation of nutritional therapy and its possible complications, including financial aspects, to increasing clinician awareness and knowledge of nutritional care in hospitals.

type 1 diabetes mellitus --- bioelectrical impedance analysis --- phase angle --- children --- adolescents --- protein --- malnutrition --- critical care --- mortality --- outcomes --- hospital readmission --- ICU Survivors --- inflammation --- nutritional assessment --- biomarkers --- albumin --- prealbumin --- IGF-1 --- elderly --- prognostic marker --- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit --- enteral nutrition --- early parenteral nutrition --- critical illness --- iron --- copper --- selenium --- zinc --- thiamine --- vitamin B12 --- obesity --- glucose control --- hyperglycemia --- parenteral nutrition --- nutritional support --- insulin --- Geriatric patients --- older persons --- therapy --- interventions --- chronic critical illness --- Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS-2002) --- age --- nutrition --- vasopressors --- shock --- glucose --- diabetes --- underfeeding --- economic challenges --- nutritional management --- mid-arm muscle circumference --- dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry --- computed tomography --- fat-free mass --- appendicular skeletal muscle mass --- lean soft tissue --- skeletal muscle index --- chronic disease --- old --- anorexia nervosa --- refeeding syndrome --- weight gain --- length of stay --- nutritional risk screening --- monitoring --- micronutrient deficiency --- oral nutritional supplements --- artificial nutrition --- gastroparesis --- dumping syndrome --- pathophysiology --- clinical presentation --- treatment --- nutritional therapy --- cancer --- cachexia --- sarcopenia --- survival --- nutritional support team --- efficacy --- metabolic syndrome --- insulin resistance --- dietary pattern --- carbohydrates --- fat --- indirect calorimetry --- indirect calorimeter --- resting energy expenditure --- nutrition therapy --- medical nutrition therapy --- intensive care unit --- intermediate care unit --- critically ill patients --- nutritional counselling --- nursing --- e-counselling --- dehydration --- dysphagia --- fluid intake --- water --- cirrhosis --- ascites --- sarcopenic obesity --- vitamins --- micronutrients --- all-in-one parenteral admixture --- compatibility --- stability --- pharmaceutical expertise --- drug admixing --- drug administration --- hospital --- nutrition care --- continuity of care --- process indicators --- benchmarking --- disease related malnutrition. --- diagnosis --- management --- hypophosphatemia --- n/a