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Poverty and inequality persist in many dimensions in the developing world. In order to understand the determinants of poverty and its distribution between and within countries, it is necessary to know its dimensions and the channels through which poverty and inequality affect human well-being. This book analyzes the spatial disparities of the outcomes and determinants of poverty, the interdependencies of dimensions of poverty, the distribution of progress in human development over the population and the dynamics of poverty risk over time. The study takes into account the global spread of poverty. Based on cross-country comparisons of countries from Africa, Latin America, and South Asia, this study does not only consider on average outcomes and determinants of different indicators of human well-being, but also examines their distribution between and within countries.

Political science & theory --- Political structure & processes --- Development economics & emerging economies --- Economic systems & structures --- AIDS --- Analysis --- Armut --- Child Mortality --- Determinants --- Distribution --- Dynamics --- Empirical --- Entwicklungsländer --- Harttgen --- Household's Vulnerability --- Poverty --- Pro-Poor Growth --- Socio-economic effect of HIV --- Undernutrition --- Political science --- Development economics. --- Economics --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Economic development --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- State, The

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Food insecurity is a complex ‘wicked’ problem that results from a range of unstable and uncertain physical, social, cultural and economic factors that limits access to nutritious food. Globally, 800 million people are under-nourished, and around 2 billion are overweight/obese or have micronutrient deficiency. These populations are largely positioned in developing countries where disease burden is high and impacts health budgets and productivity. Similarly developed countries, cities and neighbourhoods are experiencing a greater emergence of vulnerable populations. This is in part explained by the change in the food production and manufacturing, the retraction in economic climates, the increase in food price, and in some regions reduced food availability and access.Vulnerable groups include but are not limited to migrant populations, Indigenous people, elderly, pregnant women, those with disability, homeless, young children and youth. Poor nutrition at significant periods of growth and development and during life impact long term health outcomes increasing non-communicable disease prevalence, health cost and reducing economic productivity.

self-esteem --- n/a --- lunch --- energy density --- school performance --- refugees --- dietary patterns --- consumption of fruits and vegetables --- food pantry --- Malaysia --- vulnerable groups --- village chickens --- Social Cognitive Theory --- nutrition education --- Student Assistance Program --- low-income undergraduate students --- children --- abdominal obesity --- livestock --- self-efficacy --- emergency food assistance --- food insecurity --- obesity --- knowledge --- Obesity --- rural populations --- Tanzania --- low-income population --- BMI-for-age --- in-depth interview --- fruit and vegetables --- metabolic syndrome --- malnutrition --- popular restaurant --- nutrition --- school intervention --- rural children --- double burden of malnutrition --- women --- co-design --- challenges --- fat mass --- adolescent health --- welfare home --- training --- adiposity markers --- Orang Asli --- sub-Saharan Africa --- charitable food sector --- food literacy --- place-based --- feeding practices --- child stunting --- dietary quality --- public health --- nutrition security --- socioeconomics --- undernutrition --- primary health care --- HFIAS --- resource-poor settings --- food assistance --- Palestine --- Lebanon --- tertiary education --- infant feeding --- refugee --- animal-source food --- pediatrics --- food security --- low-income --- breastfeeding --- food poverty --- body image --- Indonesia

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Food allergy, a specific immune response that occurs reproducibly upon exposure to a food allergen, is an increasing public health problem, causing a significant burden for affected patients, resulting in dietary restrictions, fear of accidental ingestions and related risk of severe reactions, and reduced quality of life. Clinical presentation ranges from mild to life-threatening symptoms. Component-resolved diagnosis with recombinant allergens has improved the diagnosis and, consequently, clinical management. Currently, there is no specific treatment for food allergy, so the only available management is limited to strict dietary avoidance, education on prompt recognition of symptoms, and emergency treatment of adverse reaction. In parallel, novel knowledge on the pathogenesis of food allergy is opening the way to new trials investigating several allergen-specific and allergen non-specific therapies, aiming to prevent the development of food allergy and acquire a persistent food tolerance.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- children --- adolescents --- eosinophilic esophagitis --- eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders --- growth --- failure to thrive --- malnutrition --- undernutrition --- obesity --- vitamin --- non-IgE gastrointestinal food allergy --- fecal biomarkers --- IgG and IgG4 --- allergen-specific lymphocyte stimulation test --- oral food challenge --- atopy patch test --- clinical score --- endoscopy --- reflux --- GER --- GERD --- cow’s milk allergy --- CMA --- infants --- hydrolyzed formula --- alginate --- thickened formula --- cross-reaction --- flour --- food allergy --- individualized diagnostics --- legumes --- lupine --- lipid transfer protein --- peanut --- profilin --- hazelnut --- hypersensitivity --- component-resolved diagnostics --- Cor a 1 --- Cor a 14 --- Cor a 9 --- IgE --- allergy --- environmental factors --- primary prevention --- functional abdominal pain disorders --- functional dyspepsia --- irritable bowel syndrome --- allergen --- sensitization --- Gly m 4 --- Caco-2/Immune cells co-culture --- cytokine --- nsLTP --- plant-food allergy --- Pru p 3 --- peach --- nut --- Rosaceae fruit --- ISAC --- monoclonal antibodies --- biologics --- adults --- almond --- almond allergens --- nutrition

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Pour la plupart des Français qui l’ont vécue, la période de l’Occupation évoque en premier lieu l’immense difficulté à vivre au quotidien. La pénurie des produits de première nécessité, soumis à un rationnement de plus en plus sévère, oblige nombre d’entre eux à élaborer de véritables stratégies de survie. La faim, dont le spectre avait cessé de hanter les imaginaires, redevient une expérience largement partagée et structure bien des existences recentrées sur la satisfaction au jour le jour des besoins vitaux. Or si les historiens admettent que les difficultés de ravitaillement et les « privations » ont joué un grand rôle dans la montée des oppositions au régime de Vichy, ils ne se sont guère intéressés aux victimes de la « famine lente ». Difficiles à dénombrer, celles-ci ne sont pas prises en compte dans les statistiques des victimes du conflit. C’est à cette lacune que remédie cet ouvrage qui tente d’identifier tous ceux qui, dans la France occupée, sont morts de faim, de froid mais aussi de pathologies afférentes à la dénutrition (tuberculose en particulier). Parce que, trop isolés ou trop fragiles, ils n’avaient pas les moyens financiers, physiques et/ou psychiques de remporter cette épuisante « course aux calories » à laquelle il fallait se livrer pour survivre. Les auteurs se penchent sur le sort des « pensionnaires » de collectivités, hospitalières (hospices de vieillards, hôpitaux généraux, sanatoriums) et non-hospitalières (prisons, camps d’internement), en mettant l’accent sur celui des aliénés internés dans les hôpitaux psychiatriques qui ont payé le plus lourd tribut à la sousalimentation. Ils analysent également le devenir des groupes socialement et biologiquement les plus vulnérables de la population des grandes villes et les ripostes, sélectives, mises en oeuvre par les autorités pour atténuer les effets des restrictions sur la santé publique.

Victims of famine --- Insane --- Concentration camp inmates --- Victimes de la famine --- Internement (Psychiatrie) --- Détenus de camp de concentration --- History --- Commitment and detention --- Histoire --- France --- Malades mentaux --- Hopitaux psychiatriques --- Meurtre --- Persons --- Malnutrition --- Social Control, Formal --- Patient Care --- Hospitals, Special --- History, 20th Century --- Food Industry --- Named Groups --- Sociology --- Therapeutics --- Health Services --- Nutrition Disorders --- History, Modern 1601 --- -Industry --- Hospitals --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Health Facilities --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Social Sciences --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Diseases --- Health Care --- Humanities --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Hospitals, Psychiatric --- Food Supply --- Prisons --- Vulnerable Populations --- Starvation --- Institutionalization --- World War II --- Mentally ill --- Détenus de camp de concentration --- 2nd World War --- Second World War --- World War, 1939-1945 --- 1939-1945 World War --- 2nd World Wars --- Second World Wars --- War II, World --- War, 1939-1945 World --- War, 2nd World --- War, Second World --- Wars, 2nd World --- Wars, Second World --- World War, 1939 1945 --- World War, 2nd --- World War, Second --- World Wars, 2nd --- World Wars, Second --- Institutionalized Persons --- Institutionalizations --- Institutionalized Person --- Person, Institutionalized --- Persons, Institutionalized --- Famine --- Famines --- Starvations --- Disadvantaged --- Patients, Underserved --- Populations, Underserved --- Sensitive Population Groups --- Sensitive Populations --- Group, Sensitive Population --- Groups, Sensitive Population --- Patient, Underserved --- Population Group, Sensitive --- Population Groups, Sensitive --- Population, Sensitive --- Population, Underserved --- Population, Vulnerable --- Populations, Sensitive --- Populations, Vulnerable --- Sensitive Population --- Sensitive Population Group --- Underserved Patient --- Underserved Patients --- Underserved Population --- Underserved Populations --- Vulnerable Population --- Prison --- Food Insecurity --- Food Security --- Food Insecurities --- Food Supplies --- Insecurities, Food --- Insecurity, Food --- Security, Food --- Supplies, Food --- Supply, Food --- Food --- Hospitals, Mental --- Mental Institutions --- Psychiatric Hospitals --- Mental Hospitals --- Hospital, Mental --- Hospital, Psychiatric --- Institution, Mental --- Institutions, Mental --- Mental Hospital --- Mental Institution --- Psychiatric Hospital --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Aspects, Historical --- Historical Aspects --- Aspect, Historical --- Historical Aspect --- Histories --- Facilities, Health --- Facility, Health --- Health Facility --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Hospital --- Tertiary Sector --- Industries --- Sector, Tertiary --- Sectors, Tertiary --- Tertiary Sectors --- History of Medicine, Modern --- Medicine, Modern --- Modern History (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine --- History, Modern --- Modern History --- 1601- History, Modern --- History, Modern (Medicine) --- Modern 1601- History --- Nutritional Disorders --- Nutrition Disorder --- Nutritional Disorder --- Services, Health --- Health Service --- Service, Health --- Therapy --- Treatment --- Therapeutic --- Therapies --- Treatments --- Disease --- General Social Development and Population --- Food Industries --- Industries, Food --- Industry, Food --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- Special Hospital --- Hospital, Special --- Special Hospitals --- Informal care --- Care, Patient --- Informal cares --- care, Informal --- cares, Informal --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Malnourishment --- Nutritional Deficiency --- Undernutrition --- Malnourishments --- Nutritional Deficiencies --- Person --- supply & distribution --- therapy --- Hospitalization --- Fasting --- Food Deprivation --- Food Storage --- Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Commerce --- Ethics, Business --- Tertiary Care Centers --- Public Policy --- Vulnerable Populations. --- World War II. --- history. --- France. --- Miquelon and Saint Pierre --- Miquelon and St. Pierre --- St. Pierre and Miquelon --- Corsica --- Saint Pierre and Miquelon --- Internment camp inmates --- Disadvantaged Populations --- Disadvantaged Population --- Population, Disadvantaged --- Social Vulnerability --- Malades mentaux - Meurtre - France - Histoire - 20e siècle --- Hopitaux psychiatriques - France - Histoire - 20e siècle --- Victimes de la famine - France - Histoire - 20e siècle --- 1940-1945 (occupation allemande) --- famine --- alimentation --- Guerre Mondiale (1939-1945) --- histoire sociale