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This book examines the overlooked topic of the influence of anti-Bolshevik, anti-Semitic Russian exiles on Nazism. White émigrés contributed politically, financially, militarily, and ideologically to National Socialism. This work refutes the notion that Nazism developed as a peculiarly German phenomenon: it arose primarily from the cooperation between völkisch (nationalist/racist) Germans and vengeful White émigrés. From 1920-1923, Adolf Hitler collaborated with a conspiratorial far right German-White émigré organization, Aufbau (Reconstruction). Aufbau allied with Nazis to overthrow the German government and Bolshevik rule through terrorism and military-paramilitary schemes. This organization's warnings of the monstrous 'Jewish Bolshevik' peril helped to inspire Hitler to launch an invasion of the Soviet Union and to initiate the mass murder of European Jews. This book uses extensive archival materials from Germany and Russia, including recently declassified documents, and will prove invaluable reading for anyone interested in the international roots of National Socialism.

Russians --- Anti-communist movements --- Russes --- Mouvements anticommunistes --- Aufbau (Organization) --- Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter-Partei. --- Antisemitism --- Ethnology --- Slavs, Eastern --- Anti-Jewish attitudes --- Anti-Semitism --- Ethnic relations --- Prejudices --- Philosemitism --- Anti-communist resistance --- Underground, Anti-communist --- Communism --- History --- Politics and government --- Nazi Party --- NSDAP --- National Socialist German Labor Party --- Partito nazionalsocialista dei lavoratori tedeschi --- Kokumin Shakaishugi Doitsu Rōdōshatō --- Partido Nacionalsocialista --- National Socialist German Workers Party --- NSVSP --- Nacionālsociālistiskā vācu strādnieku partija --- Nachitō --- Partia Narodowosocjalistyczna --- Narodowosocjalistyczna Niemiecka Partia Robotnicza --- NSGWP --- Partido Obrero Alemán Nacionalsocialista --- Narodowo-Socjalistyczna Niemiecka Robotnicza Partja --- N.S.D.A.P. --- Partido Nazista --- מפלגה הנאצית --- נאצים --- Reconstruction (Organization) --- Antisémitisme --- Political activity. --- History. --- Activité politique --- Histoire --- Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter-Partei --- Germany --- Political activity --- Soviet Union --- 20th century --- Politics and government. --- Arts and Humanities

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Just north of the Arctic Circle is the settlement of Vorkuta, a notorious camp in the Gulag internment system that witnessed three pivotal moments in Russian history. In the 1930s, a desperate hunger strike by socialist prisoners, victims of Joseph Stalin's repressive regime, resulted in mass executions. In 1953, a strike by forced labourers sounded the death knell for the Stalinist forced labour system. And finally, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, a series of strikes by new, independent miners' unions were central to overturning the Stalinist system. Paul Kellogg uses the story of Vorkuta as a frame with which to re-assess the Russian Revolution. In particular, he turns to the contributions of Iulii Martov, a contemporary of Lenin, and his analysis of the central role played in the revolution by a temporary class of peasants-in-uniform. Kellogg explores the persistence and creativity of workers' resistance in even the darkest hours of authoritarian repression and offers new perspectives on the failure of democratic governance after the Russian Revolution.

Forced labor

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