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Modèles mathématiques --- Mathématiques --- Mathematical models --- Philosophie. --- History. --- Philosophie des sciences --- --Nature --- --Modélisation --- --Sciences --- --Mathématique --- --Modèles mathématiques --- Philosophie --- 51 <09> --- 51-7 --- AA / International- internationaal --- 305.971 --- 51 --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van ... --- Mathematical studies and methods in other sciences. Scientific mathematics. Actuarial mathematics. Biometrics. Econometrics etc. --- Speciale gevallen in econometrische modelbouw. --- Wiskunde. --- 51-7 Mathematical studies and methods in other sciences. Scientific mathematics. Actuarial mathematics. Biometrics. Econometrics etc. --- 51 <09> Mathematics--Geschiedenis van ... --- Modèles mathématiques --- Mathématiques --- 51 <09> Mathematics -- History of... --- 51 <09> Wiskunde -- Geschiedenis van... --- Geschiedenis van de wiskunde --- History of mathematics --- Wiskunde -- Geschiedenis van... --- Wiskunde -- Geschiedenis van.. --- Speciale gevallen in econometrische modelbouw --- Wiskunde --- Nature --- Modélisation --- Sciences --- Mathématique --- Modèles mathématiques - Philosophie --- Mathématiques - Philosophie --- Wiskunde -- Geschiedenis van

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Galileo and Newton’s work towards the mathematisation of the physical world; Leibniz’s universal logical calculus; the Enlightenment’s mathématique sociale. John von Neumann inherited all these aims and philosophical intuitions, together with an idea that grew up around the Vienna Circle of an ethics in the form of an exact science capable of guiding individuals to make correct decisions. With the help of his boundless mathematical capacity, von Neumann developed a conception of the world as a mathematical game, a world globally governed by a universal logic in which individual consciousness moved following different strategies: his vision guided him from set theory to quantum mechanics, to economics and to his theory of automata (anticipating artificial intelligence and cognitive science). Von Neumann became a true legend in twentieth century science; but he was also a controversial figure, because of the decisive role he played in determining US military policy and strategic atomic equilibrium – which he viewed as an application of game theory. The Cold War is over; the age of nuclear physics and big science has been superseded by our age of biotechnology and postacademic science. From the life of John von Neumann emerge important insights to understand the cultural and technological landscape that we have inherited from the past century. This book provides the first comprehensive scientific and intellectual biography of John von Neumann, a man who perhaps more than any other is representative of twentieth century science. There are hundreds of metaphors for life: Life is a vale of tears, a dream, a joke. In As You Like It, Shakespeare says that life is a stage. What was von Neumann's metaphor? […] it was that life is a game. Sensitive to the double-edged sword of knowledge and the idiocy of mankind, von Neumann's main legacy might be the deepening of the ancient dilemma of Prometheus. (Philip Davis, Siam News, May 30, 2003).

Mathematician. Statistician. Logici --- Neumann, von, John --- United States --- History. --- History of Science. --- History of Mathematical Sciences. --- History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Operational research. Game theory --- Mathematics. --- Physics. --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Math --- Science --- Von Neumann, John, --- Von Neumann --- Von Neumann, John --- Von Neumann, J. --- Neumann, John von --- von Neumann, Johann --- Neumann, János --- Mathematicians

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Il survient parfois un moment de l'histoire où les scientifiques, tous domaines confondus, s'imposent dans un même mouvement de faire le point des connaissances acquises et de tracer les routes à suivre. C'est à un tel moment que nous convient les leçons de l'École normale de l'an III, professées au premier semestre de 1795, retranscrites par le soin des sténographes et aussitôt publiées. Dernière tentative - désespérée - d'offrir à un seul cerveau une connaissance encyclopédique ordonnancée par la raison analytique, ces leçons seront interrompues par les journées de Prairial qui mettront un point (provisoirement) final à l'expérience si riche de l'École normale. Leçons d'histoire, de géographie d'économie politique Si, aujourd'hui, l'association de ces trois cours n'étonne pas, cet ensemble de disciplines existe déjà à la fin du XVIIIe siècle sous le nom de Sciences morales et politiques. Qu'il s'agisse des magnifiques leçons de philosophie de l'histoire de Volney, du cours de géographie de Buache et Mentelle - avec ses composantes astronomique, physique et climatique mais aussi ses indications de géographie politique et militaire - ou des leçons de Vandermonde considérées comme le premier enseignement véritable de l'économie politique en France, ces textes illustrent la multidisciplinarité latente qui est un des principes fondateurs de la nouvelle institution.

History of France --- Vandermonde, Alexandre-Théophile --- Buache de La Neuville, Jean Nicolas --- Mentelle, Edme --- Volney, de, Constantin-François de Chasseboeuf --- Economics --- Geography --- History --- Economie politique --- Géographie --- Histoire --- Study and teaching (Higher) --- Etude et enseignement (Supérieur) --- Etude et enseignement (supérieur) --- Histoire de l'enseignement --- --École normale --- --1795 --- --France --- --Histoire des sciences --- --Publication de sources --- --Study and teaching --- Study and teaching --- History & Archaeology --- History - General --- -Geography --- -History --- -Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- -Study and teaching --- -Economics --- Géographie --- Etude et enseignement (Supérieur) --- Etude et enseignement (supérieur) --- Annals --- École normale de l'an III (France) --- École normale de l'an trois --- École normale (France) --- Ecoles normales (France) --- École normale supérieure (France) --- Volney, C.-F. --- Buache, Jean-Nicolas, --- Mentelle, E. --- Vandermonde, Alexis-Théophile, --- Enseignement --- Économie politique. --- Géographie (discipline) --- Histoire (discipline) --- Étude et enseignement (supérieur) --- Volney, Constantin-François de Chasseboeuf --- Buache de La Neuville, Jean-Nicolas --- École normale supérieure --- Paris (France) --- History - Study and teaching - France - History - 19th century --- Geography - Study and teaching - France - History - 19th century --- Economics - Study and teaching - France - History - 19th century --- École normale --- Histoire des sciences --- Publication de sources --- France --- Révolution française --- histoire de la géographie --- Lumières --- histoire de l’économie