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Communicating Astronomy with the Public Journal
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ISSN: 19965621 1996563X

Space science reviews.
Authors: --- ---
ISSN: 00386308 ISBN: 9781402038440 9781402038433 1402038437 9048169798 9786610624546 128062454X 1402038445 Year: 1962 Volume: v. 119 Publisher: Dordrecht Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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Abstract

Stars are born and die in clouds of gas and dust, opaque to most types of radiation, but transparent in the infrared. Requiring complex detectors, space missions and cooled telescopes, infrared astronomy is the last branch of this discipline to come of age. After a very successful sky survey performed in the eighties by the IRAS satellite, the Infrared Space Observatory, in the nineties, brought spectacular advances in the understanding of the processes giving rise to powerful infrared emission by a great variety of celestial sources. Outstanding results have been obtained on the bright comet Hale-Bopp, and in particular of its water spectrum, as well as on the formation, chemistry and dynamics of planetary objects in the solar system. Ideas on the early stages of stellar formation and on the stellar initial mass function have been clarified. ISO is the first facility in space able to provide a systematic diagnosis of the physical phenomena and the chemistry in the close environment of pre-main sequence stars, in the interstellar medium, and in the final stages of stellar life, using, among other indicators, molecular hydrogen, ubiquitous crystalline silicates, water and ices. ISO has dramatically increased our ability to investigate the power production, excitation and fuelling mechanism of galaxies of every type, and has discovered a new very cold dust component in galaxies. ISO has demonstrated that luminous infrared galaxies were brighter and much more numerous in the past, and that they played a dominant role in shaping present day galaxies and in producing the cosmic infrared background.

Keywords

Chemical structure --- Space research --- Cosmology --- atoomstructuur --- meetmethoden --- kosmologie --- Astrophysics --- fysicochemie --- ruimtevaart --- astrofysica --- astrophysics --- astronomy --- Measuring methods in physics --- ruimte (astronomie) --- Chemical technology --- Orbiting astronomical observatories --- Infrared astronomy --- Infrared Space Observatory --- Astronomy --- Geophysics --- Astronomie --- Géophysique --- #ANTILTP9506 --- Periodicals --- Earth Sciences --- Physics --- Engineering --- Aerospace and Aeronautics --- Géophysique --- Périodiques --- Earth Sciences. --- Astronomy. --- Physics. --- Earth sciences. --- Infrared astronomy. --- Infrared Space Observatory. --- Astrophysics. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra. --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Observations, Astronomical. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Atoms. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement   . --- Space sciences. --- Atomic structure  . --- Molecular structure . --- Structure, Molecular --- Structural bioinformatics --- Structure, Atomic --- Atomic theory --- Science and space --- Science --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Matter --- Stereochemistry --- Astronomical observations --- Observations, Astronomical --- Constitution --- Observations. --- ISO (Infrared Space Observatory) --- ISO --- European Space Agency.

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