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Book
Rediscovering the Alcibiades Major
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9892620054 9892620127 Year: 2020 Publisher: Coimbra University Press

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Abstract

It is a well-known fact that Kant used the lament of the Trojan queen, Hecuba, from Ovid’s Metamorphoses to describe the fate of metaphysics. But these words could equally be used to describe the peculiar fate of the Alcibiades Major. There was a time when this small dialogue was held in high regard and enjoyed much authority.2 The Alcibiades Major was unreservedly attributed to Plato. It was much read, quoted and alluded to. And it is no exaggeration to say that it was one of the key works of the corpus platonicum. The contrast with the present could hardly be more striking.

Keywords

Philosophy


Book
Plato’s Gorgias : labyrinth and threads
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9892620070 9892620143 Year: 2020 Publisher: Coimbra University Press

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Though at first it may seem to deal with rather specific questions concerning rhetoric, Plato’s Gorgias turns out to be about human life, and what is at stake in it. This apparent “change of subject” – or rather this ambiguity in the dialogue’s subject matter – has to do with the fact that the Gorgias is very much like a labyrinth: puzzling, intricate, made of multiple meandering paths in which one can easily get lost, and full of deviations which turn this way and that, of entrances that seem to be dead ends, and of dizzying turns that distort all sense of direction.

Keywords

Philosophy


Book
Discussões Tusculanas
Author:
ISBN: 9786558240280 8570783086 Year: 2014 Publisher: SciELO Books - EDUFU

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“Segundo o próprio autor, Cícero, “as Discussões Tusculanas […] tratavam dos fundamentos da vida feliz: a primeira sobre o desprezo da morte, a segunda sobre suportar a dor, a terceira sobre mitigar a dor, a quarta sobre as perturbações psicológicas e a quinta sobre a coroa de toda a filosofia: a afirmação (estoica) de que a virtude é em si mesma suficiente para a vida feliz”. Neste livro, Cícero revela a objetividade prática, um traço característico da Weltanschauung romana. Não se debruça sobre questões metafísicas; aborda temas que inquietam qualquer vivente, perplexo ante problemas inevitáveis e sem soluções visíveis: a morte, a dor física, o sofrimento moral, a busca de felicidade, o beate vivere.”

Keywords

Philosophy


Book
A Linguagem em Kant, a linguagem de Kant
Authors: ---
ISBN: 8572490108 8572490094 Year: 2018 Publisher: SciELO Books - Editora UNESP

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A presente obra de autoria coletiva é composta por contributos que remetem ao X Colóquio Kant “Clélia Martins”, evento no qual foram originalmente expostos e debatidos. Realizados desde 2004, tais colóquios acadêmico-científicos têm sempre contado com Kant scholars brasileiros e estrangeiros amplamente reconhecidos, os quais, consagrando-se aos temas em tais oportunidades abordados, refletem dificuldades, interpretações e debates caros à Kant-Forschung em nível mundial. Quinto livro emerso de tais reuniões [um dos quais foi publicado no exterior pela editora alemã Walter de Gruyter], o presente volume dedica-se a uma temática inda relativamente pouco explorada—a que reúne Kant e a linguagem—, fazendo-o em dupla perspectiva: a linguagem em Kant e a linguagem de Kant.

Keywords

Philosophy


Book
The Public and the Private in Aristotle's Political Philosophy
Author:
ISBN: 1501740849 Year: 2019 Publisher: Cornell University Press

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Abstract

Aristotle offers a conception of the private and its relationship to the public that suggests a remedy to the limitations of liberalism today, according to Judith A. Swanson. In this fresh and lucid interpretation of Aristotle's political philosophy, Swanson challenges the dominant view that he regards the private as a mere precondition to the public. She argues, rather, that for Aristotle private activity develops virtue and is thus essential both to individual freedom and happiness and to the well-being of the political order.Swanson presents an innovative reading of The Politics which revises our understanding of Aristotle's political economy and his views on women and the family, slavery, and the relation between friendship and civic solidarity. She examines the private activities Aristotle considers necessary to a complete human life—maintaining a household, transacting business, sustaining friendships, and philosophizing. Focusing on ways Aristotle's public invests in the private through law, rule, and education, she shows how the public can foster a morally and intellectually virtuous citizenry. In contrast to classical liberal theory, which presents privacy as a shield of rights protecting individuals from one another and from the state, for Aristotle a regime can attain self-sufficiency only by bringing about a dynamic equilibrium between the public and the private.The Public and the Private in Aristotle's Political Philosophy will be essential reading for scholars and students of political philosophy, political theory, classics, intellectual history, and the history of women.Aristotle offers a conception of the private and its relationship to the public that suggests a remedy to the limitations of liberalism today, according to Judith A. Swanson. In this fresh and lucid interpretation of Aristotle's political philosophy, Swanson challenges the dominant view that he regards the private as a mere precondition to the public. She argues, rather, that for Aristotle private activity develops virtue and is thus essential both to individual freedom and happiness and to the well-being of the political order.Swanson presents an innovative reading of The Politics which revises our understanding of Aristotle's political economy and his views on women and the family, slavery, and the relation between friendship and civic solidarity. She examines the private activities Aristotle considers necessary to a complete human life—maintaining a household, transacting business, sustaining friendships, and philosophizing. Focusing on ways Aristotle's public invests in the private through law, rule, and education, she shows how the public can foster a morally and intellectually virtuous citizenry. In contrast to classical liberal theory, which presents privacy as a shield of rights protecting individuals from one another and from the state, for Aristotle a regime can attain self-sufficiency only by bringing about a dynamic equilibrium between the public and the private.The Public and the Private in Aristotle's Political Philosophy will be essential reading for scholars and students of political philosophy, political theory, classics, intellectual history, and the history of women.

Keywords

Philosophy


Book
Scienza e i segreti della natura a Napoli nel Rinascimento : La magia naturale di Giovan Battista Della Porta
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Year: 2018 Publisher: Florence : Firenze University Press,

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This volume deals with the 'hidden secrets of nature' in the natural magic of Giovan Battista Della Porta (1535-1615). The topic is analysed in relation to the internal debates of the Neapolitan Aristotelianism of the 16th century and to the proposals of the magic tradition of the Renaissance. This book also deals with the problem of witchcraft, a phenomenon which is not purely philosophical, but connected historically to Della Porta's struggle against any form of superstitious explanation for natural secrets, including the roughest ones.

Keywords

Philosophy.


Book
What Is Philosophy?
Author:
Year: 2020 Publisher: Baltimore, Maryland : Baltimore, Md. : Project Muse, Project MUSE,

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Abstract

It's clear that "philosophy" comes from the Greek "philosophia," love of wisdom. What is not at all clear is what that phrase means. In the connection it articulates between love and wisdom, what, precisely, does philosophy name?This small book, or extended essay, is divided into three sections. The first section (What is Philosophy?) takes seriously Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari's contention in their book of the same title that, "The nonphilosophical is perhaps closer to the heart of philosophy than philosophy itself, and this means that philosophy cannot be content to be understood only philosophically or conceptually, but is essentially addressed to nonphilosophers as well?" (including the nonphilosopher in every philosopher). The second section (On Argument) interrogates the status and value of evidence, and self-evidence. The third section (On Not Knowing) generalizes a parenthetical observation of Agamben's on Heidegger, "If we may attempt to identify something like the characteristic Stimmung of every thinker, perhaps it is precisely this being delivered over to something that refuses itself that defines the specific emotional tonality of Heidegger's thought": Might not philosophy be defined, the phil of sophia, precisely, as what it is to be delivered over to something that refuses itself? That is precisely what this small explores.

Keywords

Philosophy.


Book
Schopenhauer e os conhecimentos intuitivo e abstrato: uma teoria sobre as representações empíricas e abstratas
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Year: 2015 Publisher: SciELO Books - Editora UNESP

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Este livro tem como objetivo principal investigar a teoria do conhecimento desenvolvida por Arthur Schopenhauer no Livro I de O mundo como vontade e como representação. A partir disto, procura-se analisar e examinar como o pensador organiza e explica a possibilidade do conhecimento da realidade fenomênica, ou seja, os modos de conhecimento intuitivo e abstrato, seus objetos próprios, isto é, as representações intuitiva e abstrata, além das faculdades de conhecimento responsáveis por cada uma destas. A investigação tentará delimitar os princípios que tornam o mundo como representação compreensível, formando, por fim, uma teoria sistemática do conhecimento.

Keywords

PHILOSOPHY


Book
Cioran : Un héroïsme
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Year: 2006 Publisher: Montréal : Presses de l'Université de Montréal,

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On a souvent dit que Cioran, dans son uvre en franais, reprend les mmes thmes, qu'il tend au dsistement, au repli sur soi et l'exploration de sa propre intriorit. Pourtant, le prsent essai rvle une subtile inflexion de la pense du philosophe, d'un recueil l'autre, et affirme que l'abstention est en fait une prise de position, dont il s'agit de dchiffrer les causes et les modalits. Partant du principe que l'art se dfinit comme autonomie et fait social, ne prenant forme qu'en opposition la socit, tout en tirant sa substance de celle-ci, Sylvain David avance que Cioran a dvelopp son point de vue de l'univers moderne tout au long de son oeuvre fragmentaire, structurant ainsi son criture mme. A la fois lecture diachronique et tude thmatique des crits de Cioran, cet ouvrage dmontre, au-del de l'apparent clatement des fragments, l'organisation d'un imaginaire o un va-et-vient entre l'tre et le monde s'opre, o la distance que le sujet tente d'instaurer entre ses semblables et lui doit tre constamment rengocie, o le marginal ne peut se dfinir que par rapport la collectivit, qu'en fonction du groupe dont il choisit de s'exclure.

Keywords

Philosophy.


Book
Charles Péguy : Note sur M. Bergson et Note conjointe sur M. Descartes
Authors: ---
Year: 2016 Publisher: Liège : Presses universitaires de Liège,

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Au-delà de l'apologie circonstancielle du bergsonisme contre ses adversaires rationalistes et thomistes, les deux textes testamentaires de Charles Péguy constituent l'une des traversées les plus éloquentes, inséparable d'une reprise originale, de la philosophie de Bergson. Le gérant des Cahiers de la Quinzaine y renouvelle la métaphysique du temps depuis une analyse critique de la société de son temps. Avec cet engagement du bergsonisme, c'est le legs philosophique de Péguy lui-même que la Note sur M. Bergson et la Note conjointe sur M. Descartes recueillent en dernière instance. De là qu'elles demeurent sans équivalent pour aborder ou méditer cet auteur insaisissable. Socialiste utopiste, dreyfusard militant, poète chrétien, nationaliste enragé : les ultimes écrits de Péguy invitent à déposer ce kaléidoscope pour découvrir un penseur à la hauteur de son époque de crise, peut-être aussi de la nôtre. Plus profondément que deux philosophes français, c'est une réflexion métaphysique sur la scission radicale de la durée incarnée et une critique sociale de sa dénégation qui sont ici conjointes. Si bien qu'au seuil du désastre on ne trouve pas, sous la plume de ce va-t-en-guerre mélancolique, une théorie du déclin glorifiant le passé national, mais une ode à la « mouvance » du présent et une dénonciation de son gel catastrophique sous les règnes complices de l'argent et du positivisme. Péguy articule par-là, à une interprétation hardie de la métaphysique bergsonienne qui annonce les philosophies de l'événement, une étonnante contribution aux critiques marxistes de la modernité capitaliste et du mythe du progrès. Versant bergsonien d'un réquisitoire antimoderne, les Notes en sont aussi bien le pendant : un plaidoyer pour l'assomption de cet éternel passage du temps que refoulent tous les cultes de l'habitude et de la mémoire. De quoi rendre possible une réappréciation de Charles Péguy et de sa position singulière, entre diagnostic de la crise et affirmation de l'espérance.

Keywords

Philosophy.

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