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2008 (4)

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Book
Tropical Fish Otoliths: Information for Assessment, Management and Ecology
Authors: --- --- --- ---
ISBN: 9781402057755 9400736789 1402035829 9786612824784 1282824783 140205775X Year: 2009 Publisher: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

Techniques and theory for processing otoliths from tropical marine fish have developed only recently due to an historic misconception that these organisms could not be aged. Otoliths are the most commonly used structures from which daily, seasonal or annual records of a fish’s environmental history are inferred, and are also used as indicators of migration patterns, home range, spatial distribution, stock structure and life history events. A large proportion of projects undertaken on tropical marine organisms involve removal and processing of calcified structures such as otoliths, statoliths or vertebrae to retrieve biological, biochemical or genetic information. Current techniques and principles have evolved rapidly and are under constant modification and these differ among laboratories, and more particularly among species and within life history stages. Tropical fish otoliths: Information for assessment, management and ecology is a comprehensive description of the current status of knowledge about otoliths in the tropics. This book has contributions from leading experts in the field, encompasing a tropical perspective on daily and annual ageing in fish and invertebrates, microchemistry, interpreting otolith microstructure and using it to back-calculate life history events, and includes a treatise on the significance of validating periodicity in otoliths.


Book
Challenges to Marine Ecosystems
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9781402088087 1402088078 9781402088070 9048179947 9786611986377 1281986372 1402088086 Year: 2008 Publisher: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands

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This volume presents a representative sample of contributions to the 41st European Marine Biology Symposium held in September 2005 in Cork, Ireland. The theme of the symposium was ‘Challenges to Marine Ecosystems’ and this was divided into four sub themes; Genetics, Marine Protected Areas, Global Climate Change and Marine Ecosystems, Sustainable Fisheries and Agriculture. The world’s marine ecosystems face multiple challenges, some natural, but many resulting from humankind’s activities. Global climate change, driven by influences of energy usage and industrial practices, is a reality now accepted by most of the world’s scientists, media and political establishments. Warming seas and rising sea levels are regarded as threats, while visionaries consider deep ocean carbon disposal as a technological opportunity. Exploitation of the seas continues apace, with repeated concerns over the impact of over-fishing, plus reservations about the environmental effects of marine aquaculture. We need to understand how resilient organisms and ecosystems are to these challenges, while responding by protecting biologically-meaningful areas of the oceans. The subthemes of the 41st European Marine Biology Symposium address all of these matters.

Keywords

Life Sciences. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management. --- Marine & Freshwater Sciences. --- Life sciences. --- Aquatic biology. --- Wildlife management. --- Marine Sciences. --- Sciences de la vie --- Hydrobiologie --- Faune --- Aménagement --- Climatic changes -- Congresses. --- Marine biology -- Congresses. --- Marine ecosystem management -- Congresses. --- Marine resources conservation -- Congresses. --- Sustainable fisheries -- Congresses. --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Ecology --- Climatic changes --- Marine biology --- Marine ecosystem management --- Marine resources conservation --- Sustainable fisheries --- Fisheries productivity, Maintenance of long-term --- Fishery yields, Sustainable --- Long-term fisheries productivity, Maintenance of --- Maintenance of long-term fisheries productivity --- Sustainable fishery yields --- Conservation of marine resources --- Marine conservation --- Marine environmental protection --- Marine protection --- Marine ecosystems management --- Aquatic ecology. --- Wildlife. --- Fish. --- Marine sciences. --- Freshwater. --- Fisheries --- Sustainable aquaculture --- Overfishing --- Aquatic resources conservation --- Marine pollution --- Ecosystem management --- Ocean sciences --- Aquatic sciences --- Animal populations --- Game management --- Management, Game --- Management, Wildlife --- Plant populations --- Wildlife resources --- Natural resources --- Wildlife conservation --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Biology --- Management --- Aquatic ecology . --- Fresh waters --- Freshwater --- Freshwaters --- Inland water --- Inland waters --- Water --- Fish --- Pisces --- Aquatic animals --- Vertebrates --- Fishing --- Ichthyology --- Aquatic biology


Book
Essential Fish Habitat Mapping in the Mediterranean
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9781402091414 1402091400 9781402091407 9048180783 9786612068294 1282068296 1402091419 Year: 2008 Publisher: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

Proper designation of Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) is a highly important spatial measure in any management of fishery resources. EFH is defined as those waters and substrates necessary to fish for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity, a definition that includes the physical, chemical and biological properties of marine areas and the associated sediment and biological assemblages that sustain fish populations throughout their full life cycle. This book presents latest advances in EFH mapping and modelling and introduces the environmental approach to EFH identification through the combined use of latest technologies and advanced techniques, such as Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Statistics. The contents of this book include overviews and comparisons of different approaches on species habitat modelling, methods to identify teleconnection patterns between large-scale meteo-oceanic phenomena and local environmental variation, and EFH maps for cephalopod, shrimp, hake, anchovy, sardine, and swordfish resources in the Mediterranean. The aims of this book are to provide accumulated knowledge on marine species essential habitat mapping and to be a source for further developments in the important topic of marine resource management.


Book
Ecological Effects of Water-Level Fluctuations in Lakes
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9781402091926 1402091915 9781402091919 9048180880 1402091923 Year: 2008 Publisher: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands

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Most aquatic ecosystems have variable water levels. These water-level fluctuations (WLF) have multiple effects on the organisms above and below the waterline. Natural WLF patterns in lakes guarantee both productivity and biodiversity, while untimely floods and droughts may have negative effects. Human impacts on WLF have led to a stabilization of the water levels of many lakes by hydraulic regulation, untimely drawdown due to water use, or floods due to water release from hydropower plants in the catchments. This book provides a first review in this field. It presents selected papers on the ecological effects of WLF in lakes, resulting from a workshop at the University of Konstanz in winter 2005. Issues addressed here include the extent of WLF, and analyses of their effects on different groups of biota from microorganisms to vertebrates. Applied issues include recommendations for the hydrological management of regulated lakes to reduce negative impacts, and a conceptual framework is delivered by an extension of the floodpulse concept for lakes. Current impacts on water use, including increasing demands on drinking and irrigation water, hydropower etc., and climate change effects on WLF make this book an essential resource for aquatic ecologists, engineers, and decision-makers dealing with the management of lake ecosystems and their catchments.

Keywords

Life Sciences. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Ecosystems. --- Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management. --- Life sciences. --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Aquatic biology. --- Wildlife management. --- Sciences de la vie --- Ecosystèmes menacés --- Hydrobiologie --- Faune --- Aménagement --- Biotic communities -- Effect of water levels on -- Congresses. --- Lake ecology -- Congresses. --- Lake hydrology -- Congresses. --- Water levels -- Congresses. --- Water levels. --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Ecology --- Hydrobiology --- Water biology --- Level, Water --- Levels, Water --- Water --- Water level --- Level --- Levels --- Environment. --- Aquatic ecology. --- Wildlife. --- Fish. --- Environmental management. --- Environmental Management. --- Aquatic sciences --- Biology --- Hydraulic measurements --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Nature conservation --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Animal populations --- Game management --- Management, Game --- Management, Wildlife --- Plant populations --- Wildlife resources --- Natural resources --- Wildlife conservation --- Aquatic ecology . --- Fish --- Pisces --- Aquatic animals --- Vertebrates --- Fisheries --- Fishing --- Ichthyology --- Aquatic biology --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Population biology


Book
Who cares about wildlife? : social science concepts for exploring human-wildlife relationships and conservation issues
Author:
ISBN: 9780387770406 0387770380 9780387770383 9786612291845 128229184X 0387770402 Year: 2008 Publisher: New York : Springer,

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Wildlife holds a special place in the human consciousness. It is a source of attraction and fear, material value and symbolic meaning, religious or spiritual significance, and it is a barometer of people’s concern for environmental sustainability. Why do humans care so much about wildlife? In Who Cares About Wildlife?, author Michael J. Manfredo explores that question through multiple social science perspectives. How has evolution prepared human responses to wildlife? How can we better understand the nature of our cognitive and emotional responses to wildlife? And how can we place those responses in a broad cultural context? A theoretical perspective is advanced that draws upon these multiple perspectives and that proposes the rise of caring and mutualism values in post-industrial society. Directions for future research and managerial implications are interwoven into this theoretical overview. "This ambitious book concerning the human dimensions of wildlife management comes at an opportune time as global warming threatens extinction of large numbers of species. After considering the biological bases of human-wildlife interaction, Manfredo reviews and applies major social science theories and research to wildlife management. Chapter by chapter, the author introduces the reader to a central construct or theoretical approach and considers its implications for wildlife management. In this manner, the book ranges widely, from emotions, attitudes and social norms, to values and culture. Though necessarily brief, the literature reviews are informative and up-to-date, and their relevance for wildlife management is made clear by numerous examples and illustrative case studies. This engaging book is essential reading for students and professionals interested in research on the human dimensions of wildlife management." - Icek Aizen, Professor and Head, Division of Social Psychology, University of Massachusetts- Amherst.

Keywords

Environment. --- Environmental Management. --- Animal Ecology. --- Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management. --- Nature Conservation. --- Social Sciences, general. --- Environmental sciences. --- Animal ecology. --- Wildlife management. --- Environmental management. --- Social sciences. --- Sciences de l'environnement --- Ecologie animale --- Faune --- Environnement --- Sciences sociales --- Aménagement --- Gestion --- Wildlife conservation --- Human-animal relationships. --- Social aspects. --- Wildlife conservation -- Social aspects. --- Human-animal relationships --- Environmental Sciences --- Zoology - General --- Zoology --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Social aspects --- Animal-human relationships --- Animal-man relationships --- Animals and humans --- Human beings and animals --- Man-animal relationships --- Relationships, Human-animal --- Animal conservation --- Animals --- Conservation of wildlife --- Preservation of wildlife --- Protection of wildlife --- Species conservation --- Species preservation --- Species protection --- Wildlife preservation --- Wildlife protection --- Wildlife resources conservation --- Wildlife resources preservation --- Wildlife resources protection --- Conservation --- Wildlife. --- Fish. --- Nature conservation. --- Conservation of natural resources --- Nature conservation --- Endangered species --- Wildlife management --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Conservation of nature --- Nature --- Nature protection --- Protection of nature --- Applied ecology --- Conservation biology --- Endangered ecosystems --- Natural areas --- Animal populations --- Game management --- Management, Game --- Management, Wildlife --- Plant populations --- Wildlife resources --- Natural resources --- Ecology --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Fish --- Pisces --- Aquatic animals --- Vertebrates --- Fisheries --- Fishing --- Ichthyology

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