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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Europe, AIME'97, held in Grenoble, France, in March 1997. The volume presents 33 revised full papers selected from a total of 82 submissions; also included are three invited presentations and 25 posters. The papers are organized in topical sections on protocols and guidelines, knowledge acquisition and learning, decision-support theories, diagnostic problem solving, probabilistic models and fuzzy logic, temporal reasoning and planning, natural language and terminology, image and signal processing, and hybrid and cooperative systems.

Artificial intelligence --- Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Artificial Intelligence --- Medical Informatics Applications --- Computing Methodologies --- Information Science --- Medical Informatics --- Medical & Biomedical Informatics --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Congresses --- Medical applications --- #TELE:SISTA --- Computer Science, Medical --- Health Information Technology --- Informatics, Clinical --- Informatics, Medical --- Information Science, Medical --- Clinical Informatics --- Medical Computer Science --- Medical Information Science --- Health Information Technologies --- Information Technologies, Health --- Information Technology, Health --- Medical Computer Sciences --- Medical Information Sciences --- Science, Medical Computer --- Technologies, Health Information --- Technology, Health Information --- Information Sciences --- Science, Information --- Sciences, Information --- High Performance Computing --- Methodologies, Computing --- Computing Methodology --- Computing, High Performance --- Methodology, Computing --- Performance Computing, High --- Application, Medical Informatics --- Applications, Medical Informatics --- Informatics Applications, Medical --- Informatics Application, Medical --- Medical Informatics Application --- Computational Intelligence --- AI (Artificial Intelligence) --- Computer Reasoning --- Computer Vision Systems --- Knowledge Acquisition (Computer) --- Knowledge Representation (Computer) --- Machine Intelligence --- Acquisition, Knowledge (Computer) --- Computer Vision System --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligence, Computational --- Intelligence, Machine --- Knowledge Representations (Computer) --- Reasoning, Computer --- Representation, Knowledge (Computer) --- System, Computer Vision --- Systems, Computer Vision --- Vision System, Computer --- Vision Systems, Computer --- Computer-Assisted Decision Making --- Medical Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Computer Assisted Decision Making --- Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Medical Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Medicine. --- Health informatics. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Biomedicine. --- Biomedicine general. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Health Informatics. --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Clinical informatics --- Health informatics --- Medical information science --- Information science --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Data processing --- Medical applications&delete& --- Congresses. --- Expert systems (Computer science) --- Decision Making [Computer Assisted] --- Diagnosis [Computer assisted ] --- Medical records --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Data processing. --- EHR systems --- EHR technology --- EHRs (Electronic health records) --- Electronic health records --- Electronic medical records --- EMR systems --- EMRs (Electronic medical records) --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Health Workforce --- Medical care --- Biomedicine, general. --- Medical applications&delete&&delete&

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Computer Graphics --- Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Computing Methodologies --- Data Display --- Diagnosis --- Information Science --- Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Computer-Aided Design --- Computer Simulation --- Diagnostic Imaging --- Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Medical Informatics Applications --- Medical Informatics --- Computer Science, Medical --- Health Informatics --- Health Information Technology --- Informatics, Clinical --- Informatics, Medical --- Information Science, Medical --- Clinical Informatics --- Medical Computer Science --- Medical Information Science --- Health Information Technologies --- Informatics, Health --- Information Technology, Health --- Medical Computer Sciences --- Medical Information Sciences --- Science, Medical Computer --- Technology, Health Information --- Computational Biology --- Biomedical Technology --- American Recovery and Reinvestment Act --- Application, Medical Informatics --- Applications, Medical Informatics --- Informatics Applications, Medical --- Informatics Application, Medical --- Medical Informatics Application --- Biomedical Engineering --- Image Interpretation, Computer Assisted --- Computer-Assisted Image Interpretation --- Computer-Assisted Image Interpretations --- Image Interpretations, Computer-Assisted --- Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Image --- Interpretations, Computer-Assisted Image --- Imaging, Diagnostic --- Imaging, Medical --- Medical Imaging --- Radiologic and Imaging Nursing --- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted --- Computerized Models --- In Silico --- Computer Models --- Models, Computer --- Computer Model --- Computer Simulations --- Computerized Model --- In Silicos --- Model, Computer --- Model, Computerized --- Models, Computerized --- Silico, In --- Silicos, In --- Simulation, Computer --- Simulations, Computer --- CAD-CAM --- Computer-Aided Manufacturing --- Computer-Assisted Design --- Computer-Assisted Manufacturing --- Computer Aided Design --- Computer Aided Manufacturing --- Computer Assisted Design --- Computer Assisted Manufacturing --- Computer-Aided Designs --- Computer-Assisted Designs --- Design, Computer-Aided --- Design, Computer-Assisted --- Designs, Computer-Aided --- Designs, Computer-Assisted --- Manufacturing, Computer-Aided --- Manufacturing, Computer-Assisted --- Drug Design --- Computer-Assisted Decision Making --- Medical Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Computer Assisted Decision Making --- Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Medical Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Information Sciences --- Science, Information --- Sciences, Information --- Antemortem Diagnosis --- Diagnoses and Examinations --- Examinations and Diagnoses --- Postmortem Diagnosis --- Antemortem Diagnoses --- Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Antemortem --- Diagnoses, Postmortem --- Diagnosis, Antemortem --- Diagnosis, Postmortem --- Postmortem Diagnoses --- Disease --- Information Display --- Data Displays --- Display, Data --- Display, Information --- Displays, Data --- Displays, Information --- Information Displays --- High Performance Computing --- Methodologies, Computing --- Computing Methodology --- Computing, High Performance --- Methodology, Computing --- Performance Computing, High --- Diagnostic Technics and Procedures --- Technics and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Techniques and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Sensitivity and Specificity --- Computer-Assisted Diagnosis --- Computer Assisted Diagnosis --- Computer-Assisted Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Computer-Assisted --- Diagnosis, Computer Assisted --- Computer Graphic --- Graphic, Computer --- Graphics, Computer --- diagnosis --- methods --- Diagnose --- Diagnostic Testing --- Testing, Diagnostic

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third MICCAI Workshop on Medical Content-Based Retrieval for Clinical Decision Support, MCBR-CBS 2012, held in Nice, France, in October 2012. The 10 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The papers are divided on several topics on image analysis of visual or multimodal medical data (X-ray, MRI, CT, echo videos, time series data), machine learning of disease correlations in visual or multimodal data, algorithms for indexing and retrieval of data from visual or multimodal medical databases, disease model-building and clinical decision support systems based on visual or multimodal analysis, algorithms for medical image retrieval or classification, systems of retrieval or classification using the ImageCLEF collection.

Medical informatics --- Investigative Techniques --- Publication Formats --- Medical Informatics Applications --- Computing Methodologies --- Information Systems --- Information Science --- Medical Informatics --- Publication Characteristics --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Methods --- Decision Support Systems, Clinical --- Information Storage and Retrieval --- Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Congresses --- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Analysis, Computer-Assisted Image --- Computer-Assisted Image Analysis --- Computer-Assisted Image Processing --- Image Analysis, Computer-Assisted --- Image Reconstruction --- Computer Assisted Image Analysis --- Computer Assisted Image Processing --- Computer-Assisted Image Analyses --- Image Analyses, Computer-Assisted --- Image Analysis, Computer Assisted --- Image Processing, Computer Assisted --- Image Reconstructions --- Reconstruction, Image --- Reconstructions, Image --- Computer-Assisted Decision Making --- Medical Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Computer Assisted Decision Making --- Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Medical Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Data Files --- Data Linkage --- Data Retrieval --- Data Sources --- Data Storage --- Data Storage and Retrieval --- Information Extraction --- Information Storage --- Machine-Readable Data Files --- Information Retrieval --- Data File --- Data File, Machine-Readable --- Data Files, Machine-Readable --- Data Source --- Extraction, Information --- Files, Machine-Readable Data --- Information Extractions --- Machine Readable Data Files --- Machine-Readable Data File --- Retrieval, Data --- Storage, Data --- Clinical Decision Support --- Decision Support, Clinical --- Clinical Decision Support Systems --- Clinical Decision Supports --- Decision Supports, Clinical --- Support, Clinical Decision --- Supports, Clinical Decision --- Methodological Studies --- Methodological Study --- Procedures --- Studies, Methodological --- Study, Methodological --- Method --- Procedure --- Computer Science, Medical --- Health Information Technology --- Informatics, Clinical --- Informatics, Medical --- Information Science, Medical --- Clinical Informatics --- Medical Computer Science --- Medical Information Science --- Health Information Technologies --- Information Technologies, Health --- Information Technology, Health --- Medical Computer Sciences --- Medical Information Sciences --- Science, Medical Computer --- Technologies, Health Information --- Technology, Health Information --- Information Sciences --- Science, Information --- Sciences, Information --- Ancillary Information Systems --- Data Systems --- Emergency Care Information Systems --- Information Retrieval Systems --- Ancillary Information System --- Data System --- Information Retrieval System --- Information System --- Information System, Ancillary --- Information Systems, Ancillary --- System, Ancillary Information --- System, Data --- System, Information --- System, Information Retrieval --- Systems, Ancillary Information --- Systems, Data --- Systems, Information --- Systems, Information Retrieval --- High Performance Computing --- Methodologies, Computing --- Computing Methodology --- Computing, High Performance --- Methodology, Computing --- Performance Computing, High --- Application, Medical Informatics --- Applications, Medical Informatics --- Informatics Applications, Medical --- Informatics Application, Medical --- Medical Informatics Application --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Computer science. --- Data mining. --- Information storage and retrieval. --- Image processing. --- Pattern recognition. --- Management information systems. --- Computer Science. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Pattern Recognition. --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Management of Computing and Information Systems. --- Information storage and retrieva. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Computer vision. --- Information Systems. --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Artificial intelligence --- Image processing --- Pattern recognition systems --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Database searching --- Optical data processing --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Automatic data storage --- Automatic information retrieval --- Automation in documentation --- Computer-based information systems --- Data processing systems --- Data storage and retrieval systems --- Discovery systems, Information --- Information discovery systems --- Information processing systems --- Information retrieval systems --- Machine data storage and retrieval --- Mechanized information storage and retrieval systems --- Computer systems --- Electronic information resources --- Data libraries --- Digital libraries --- Information organization --- Information retrieval --- Application software. --- Optical data processing. --- Informatics --- Science --- EIS (Information systems) --- Executive information systems --- MIS (Information systems) --- Sociotechnical systems --- Information resources management --- Management --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Electronic data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Communication systems --- Optical equipment

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Brain imaging brings together the technology, methodology, research questions and approaches of a wide range of scientific fields including physics, statistics, computer science, neuroscience, biology, and engineering. Thus, methodological and technological advances that enable us to obtain measurements, examine relationships across observations, and link these data to neuroscientific hypotheses happen in a highly interdisciplinary environment. The dynamic field of machine learning with its modern approach to data mining provides many relevant approaches for neuroscience and enables the exploration of open questions. This state-of-the-art survey offers a collection of papers from the Workshop on Machine Learning and Interpretation in Neuroimaging, MLINI 2011, held at the 25th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing, NIPS 2011, in the Sierra Nevada, Spain, in December 2011. Additionally, invited speakers agreed to contribute reviews on various aspects of the field, adding breadth and perspective to the volume. The 32 revised papers were carefully selected from 48 submissions. At the interface between machine learning and neuroimaging the papers aim at shedding some light on the state of the art in this interdisciplinary field. They are organized in topical sections on coding and decoding, neuroscience, dynamcis, connectivity, and probabilistic models and machine learning.

Machine learning --- Artificial intelligence --- Brain --- Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted --- Computing Methodologies --- Diagnostic Imaging --- Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Information Science --- Diagnosis --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Medical Informatics Applications --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Medical Informatics --- Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted --- Artificial Intelligence --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Computer Science --- Technology - General --- Electrical Engineering --- Applied Physics --- Medical applications --- Imaging --- Data processing --- Computational Intelligence --- AI (Artificial Intelligence) --- Computer Reasoning --- Computer Vision Systems --- Knowledge Acquisition (Computer) --- Knowledge Representation (Computer) --- Machine Intelligence --- Acquisition, Knowledge (Computer) --- Computer Vision System --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligence, Computational --- Intelligence, Machine --- Knowledge Representations (Computer) --- Reasoning, Computer --- Representation, Knowledge (Computer) --- System, Computer Vision --- Systems, Computer Vision --- Vision System, Computer --- Vision Systems, Computer --- Image Interpretation, Computer Assisted --- Computer-Assisted Image Interpretation --- Computer-Assisted Image Interpretations --- Image Interpretations, Computer-Assisted --- Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Image --- Interpretations, Computer-Assisted Image --- Computer Science, Medical --- Health Information Technology --- Informatics, Clinical --- Informatics, Medical --- Information Science, Medical --- Clinical Informatics --- Medical Computer Science --- Medical Information Science --- Health Information Technologies --- Information Technologies, Health --- Information Technology, Health --- Medical Computer Sciences --- Medical Information Sciences --- Science, Medical Computer --- Technologies, Health Information --- Technology, Health Information --- Application, Medical Informatics --- Applications, Medical Informatics --- Informatics Applications, Medical --- Informatics Application, Medical --- Medical Informatics Application --- Diagnostic Technics and Procedures --- Technics and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Techniques and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Antemortem Diagnosis --- Diagnoses and Examinations --- Examinations and Diagnoses --- Postmortem Diagnosis --- Antemortem Diagnoses --- Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Antemortem --- Diagnoses, Postmortem --- Diagnosis, Antemortem --- Diagnosis, Postmortem --- Postmortem Diagnoses --- Disease --- Information Sciences --- Science, Information --- Sciences, Information --- Computer-Assisted Decision Making --- Medical Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Computer Assisted Decision Making --- Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Medical Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Imaging, Diagnostic --- Imaging, Medical --- Medical Imaging --- High Performance Computing --- Methodologies, Computing --- Computing Methodology --- Computing, High Performance --- Methodology, Computing --- Performance Computing, High --- Computer-Assisted Diagnosis --- Computer Assisted Diagnosis --- Computer-Assisted Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Computer-Assisted --- Diagnosis, Computer Assisted --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Learning, Machine --- methods --- diagnosis --- Computer science. --- Mathematical statistics. --- Data mining. --- Computer graphics. --- Image processing. --- Pattern recognition. --- Application software. --- Computer Science. --- Computer Imaging, Vision, Pattern Recognition and Graphics. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Probability and Statistics in Computer Science. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Computer Applications. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Automatic drafting --- Graphic data processing --- Graphics, Computer --- Computer art --- Graphic arts --- Electronic data processing --- Engineering graphics --- Image processing --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Database searching --- Mathematics --- Statistical inference --- Statistics, Mathematical --- Statistics --- Probabilities --- Sampling (Statistics) --- Informatics --- Science --- Digital techniques --- Statistical methods --- Computer vision. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Pattern recognition systems --- Cerebrum --- Mind --- Central nervous system --- Head --- Optical data processing. --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Optical equipment

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Respiratory motion causes an important uncertainty in radiotherapy planning of the thorax and upper abdomen. The main objective of radiation therapy is to eradicate or shrink tumor cells without damaging the surrounding tissue by delivering a high radiation dose to the tumor region and a dose as low as possible to healthy organ tissues. Meeting this demand remains a challenge especially in case of lung tumors due to breathing-induced tumor and organ motion where motion amplitudes can measure up to several centimeters. Therefore, modeling of respiratory motion has become increasingly important in radiation therapy. With 4D imaging techniques spatiotemporal image sequences can be acquired to investigate dynamic processes in the patient’s body. Furthermore, image registration enables the estimation of the breathing-induced motion and the description of the temporal change in position and shape of the structures of interest by establishing the correspondence between images acquired at different phases of the breathing cycle. In radiation therapy these motion estimations are used to define accurate treatment margins, e.g. to calculate dose distributions and to develop prediction models for gated or robotic radiotherapy. In this book, the increasing role of image registration and motion estimation algorithms for the interpretation of complex 4D medical image sequences is illustrated. Different 4D CT image acquisition techniques and conceptually different motion estimation algorithms are presented. The clinical relevance is demonstrated by means of example applications which are related to the radiation therapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors. The state of the art and perspectives are shown by an insight into the current field of research. The book is addressed to biomedical engineers, medical physicists, researchers and physicians working in the fields of medical image analysis, radiology and radiation therapy.

Fourth dimension. --- Radiotherapy. --- Respiration --- Tomography, X-Ray Computed --- Statistics as Topic --- Epidemiologic Research Design --- Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted --- Diagnostic Imaging --- Therapy, Computer-Assisted --- Mathematical Concepts --- Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted --- Imaging, Three-Dimensional --- Physical Processes --- Epidemiologic Methods --- Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms --- Diagnosis --- Radiographic Image Enhancement --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Tomography, X-Ray --- Physical Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Respiratory Physiological Processes --- Therapeutics --- Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Radiography --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Tomography --- Quality of Health Care --- Public Health --- Investigative Techniques --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Medical Informatics Applications --- Medical Informatics --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena --- Environment and Public Health --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Care --- Information Science --- Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography --- Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted --- Sensitivity and Specificity --- Motion --- Respiratory Mechanics --- Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted --- Physics --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Radiology, MRI, Ultrasonography & Medical Physics --- Light & Optics --- Image Interpretation, Computer Assisted --- Computer-Assisted Image Interpretation --- Computer-Assisted Image Interpretations --- Image Interpretations, Computer-Assisted --- Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Image --- Interpretations, Computer-Assisted Image --- Breathing Mechanics --- Breathing Mechanic --- Mechanic, Breathing --- Mechanic, Respiratory --- Mechanics, Breathing --- Mechanics, Respiratory --- Respiratory Mechanic --- Motions --- Sensitivity --- Specificity --- Specificity and Sensitivity --- Planning, Computer-Assisted Radiotherapy --- Computer-Assisted Radiotherapy Planning --- Dosimetry Calculations, Computer-Assisted --- Calculation, Computer-Assisted Dosimetry --- Calculations, Computer-Assisted Dosimetry --- Computer Assisted Radiotherapy Planning --- Computer-Assisted Dosimetry Calculation --- Computer-Assisted Dosimetry Calculations --- Dosimetry Calculation, Computer-Assisted --- Dosimetry Calculations, Computer Assisted --- Planning, Computer Assisted Radiotherapy --- Radiotherapy Planning, Computer Assisted --- Information Sciences --- Science, Information --- Sciences, Information --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomenon --- Physiology, Circulatory and Respiratory --- Circulatory and Respiratory Physiology --- Computer Science, Medical --- Health Information Technology --- Informatics, Clinical --- Informatics, Medical --- Information Science, Medical --- Clinical Informatics --- Medical Computer Science --- Medical Information Science --- Health Information Technologies --- Information Technologies, Health --- Information Technology, Health --- Medical Computer Sciences --- Medical Information Sciences --- Science, Medical Computer --- Technologies, Health Information --- Technology, Health Information --- Application, Medical Informatics --- Applications, Medical Informatics --- Informatics Applications, Medical --- Informatics Application, Medical --- Medical Informatics Application --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Quality of Care --- Quality of Healthcare --- Care Qualities --- Care Quality --- Health Care Quality --- Healthcare Quality --- Tomographies --- Physiology, Respiratory --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomena --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomenon --- Pulmonary Physiological Process --- Pulmonary Physiological Processes --- Respiratory Physiological Concepts --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomenon --- Respiratory Physiological Process --- Respiratory Physiologic Processes --- Respiratory Physiology --- Concept, Respiratory Physiological --- Concepts, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomena, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomena, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomenas, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomenas, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomenon, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomenon, Respiratory Physiological --- Phenomenons, Pulmonary Physiological --- Phenomenons, Respiratory Physiological --- Physiologic Processes, Respiratory --- Physiological Concept, Respiratory --- Physiological Concepts, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomena, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomena, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomenas, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomenas, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomenon, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomenon, Respiratory --- Physiological Phenomenons, Pulmonary --- Physiological Phenomenons, Respiratory --- Physiological Process, Pulmonary --- Physiological Process, Respiratory --- Physiological Processes, Pulmonary --- Physiological Processes, Respiratory --- Process, Pulmonary Physiological --- Process, Respiratory Physiological --- Processes, Pulmonary Physiological --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomenas --- Pulmonary Physiological Phenomenons --- Respiratory Physiological Concept --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomenas --- Respiratory Physiological Phenomenons --- Respiratory System --- Diagnostic X-Ray --- Diagnostic X-Ray Radiology --- X-Ray Radiology, Diagnostic --- Radiology, Diagnostic X-Ray --- Roentgenography --- X-Ray, Diagnostic --- Diagnostic X Ray --- Diagnostic X Ray Radiology --- Diagnostic X-Rays --- Radiology, Diagnostic X Ray --- X Ray Radiology, Diagnostic --- X Ray, Diagnostic --- X-Rays, Diagnostic --- Computer-Assisted Decision Making --- Medical Decision Making, Computer-Assisted --- Computer Assisted Decision Making --- Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Medical Decision Making, Computer Assisted --- Therapy --- Treatment --- Therapeutic --- Therapies --- Treatments --- Disease --- Physical Phenomenon --- Physical Process --- Physical Concepts --- Concept, Physical --- Concepts, Physical --- Phenomena, Physical --- Phenomenon, Physical --- Physical Concept --- Process, Physical --- Processes, Physical --- Radiographic Tomography --- Tomography, Radiographic --- Tomography, X Ray --- Tomography, Xray --- Transmission Tomography --- X Ray Tomography --- Xray Tomography --- Tomography, Transmission --- X-Ray Tomography --- Zonography --- Diagnostic Technics and Procedures --- Technics and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Techniques and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Image Enhancement, Radiographic --- Radiography, Digital --- Digital Radiography --- Enhancement, Radiographic Image --- Enhancements, Radiographic Image --- Image Enhancements, Radiographic --- Radiographic Image Enhancements --- Antemortem Diagnosis --- Diagnoses and Examinations --- Examinations and Diagnoses --- Postmortem Diagnosis --- Antemortem Diagnoses --- Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Antemortem --- Diagnoses, Postmortem --- Diagnosis, Antemortem --- Diagnosis, Postmortem --- Postmortem Diagnoses --- Healthcare Evaluation Mechanisms --- Evaluation Mechanism, Healthcare --- Evaluation Mechanisms, Healthcare --- Healthcare Evaluation Mechanism --- Mechanism, Healthcare Evaluation --- Mechanisms, Healthcare Evaluation --- Epidemiologic Method --- Epidemiological Methods --- Methods, Epidemiologic --- Epidemiological Method --- Method, Epidemiologic --- Method, Epidemiological --- Methods, Epidemiological --- Epidemiology --- 3-D Image --- 3-D Imaging --- Computer-Generated 3D Imaging --- Three-Dimensional Image --- Three-Dimensional Imaging, Computer Generated --- Computer-Assisted Three-Dimensional Imaging --- Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Computer Assisted --- 3 D Image --- 3 D Imaging --- 3-D Images --- 3-D Imagings --- 3D Imaging, Computer-Generated --- 3D Imagings, Computer-Generated --- Computer Assisted Three Dimensional Imaging --- Computer Generated 3D Imaging --- Computer-Assisted Three-Dimensional Imagings --- Computer-Generated 3D Imagings --- Image, 3-D --- Image, Three-Dimensional --- Images, 3-D --- Images, Three-Dimensional --- Imaging, 3-D --- Imaging, Computer-Assisted Three-Dimensional --- Imaging, Computer-Generated 3D --- Imaging, Three Dimensional --- Imagings, 3-D --- Imagings, Computer-Assisted Three-Dimensional --- Imagings, Computer-Generated 3D --- Imagings, Three-Dimensional --- Three Dimensional Image --- Three Dimensional Imaging, Computer Generated --- Three-Dimensional Images --- Three-Dimensional Imaging --- Three-Dimensional Imaging, Computer-Assisted --- Three-Dimensional Imagings --- Three-Dimensional Imagings, Computer-Assisted --- Computer-Assisted Radiation Therapy --- Computer-Assisted Radiotherapy --- Radiation Therapy, Computer-Assisted --- Computer Assisted Radiation Therapy --- Computer Assisted Radiotherapy --- Computer-Assisted Radiation Therapies --- Computer-Assisted Radiotherapies --- Radiation Therapies, Computer-Assisted --- Radiation Therapy, Computer Assisted --- Radiotherapies, Computer-Assisted --- Radiotherapy, Computer Assisted --- Therapies, Computer-Assisted Radiation --- Therapy, Computer-Assisted Radiation --- Concept, Mathematical --- Concepts, Mathematical --- Mathematical Concept --- Computer-Assisted Protocol-Directed Therapy --- Therapy, Computer-Assisted Protocol-Directed --- Computer-Assisted Therapy --- Protocol-Directed Therapy, Computer-Assisted --- Computer Assisted Protocol Directed Therapy --- Computer Assisted Therapy --- Computer-Assisted Protocol-Directed Therapies --- Computer-Assisted Therapies --- Protocol Directed Therapy, Computer Assisted --- Protocol-Directed Therapies, Computer-Assisted --- Therapies, Computer-Assisted --- Therapies, Computer-Assisted Protocol-Directed --- Therapy, Computer Assisted --- Therapy, Computer Assisted Protocol Directed --- Imaging, Diagnostic --- Imaging, Medical --- Medical Imaging --- Computer-Assisted Diagnosis --- Computer Assisted Diagnosis --- Computer-Assisted Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Computer-Assisted --- Diagnosis, Computer Assisted --- Design, Epidemiologic Research --- Designs, Epidemiologic Research --- Epidemiologic Research Designs --- Epidemiological Research Design --- Research Design, Epidemiologic --- Research Designs, Epidemiologic --- Design, Epidemiological Research --- Designs, Epidemiological Research --- Epidemiological Research Designs --- Research Design, Epidemiological --- Research Designs, Epidemiological --- Area Analysis --- Correlation Studies --- Correlation Study --- Correlation of Data --- Data Analysis --- Estimation Technics --- Estimation Techniques --- Indirect Estimation Technics --- Indirect Estimation Techniques --- Multiple Classification Analysis --- Service Statistics --- Statistical Study --- Statistics, Service --- Tables and Charts as Topic --- Analyses, Area --- Analyses, Data --- Analyses, Multiple Classification --- Analysis, Area --- Analysis, Data --- Analysis, Multiple Classification --- Area Analyses --- Classification Analyses, Multiple --- Classification Analysis, Multiple --- Data Analyses --- Data Correlation --- Data Correlations --- Estimation Technic --- Estimation Technic, Indirect --- Estimation Technics, Indirect --- Estimation Technique --- Estimation Technique, Indirect --- Estimation Techniques, Indirect --- Indirect Estimation Technic --- Indirect Estimation Technique --- Multiple Classification Analyses --- Statistical Studies --- Studies, Correlation --- Studies, Statistical --- Study, Correlation --- Study, Statistical --- Technic, Estimation --- Technic, Indirect Estimation --- Technics, Estimation --- Technics, Indirect Estimation --- Technique, Estimation --- Technique, Indirect Estimation --- Techniques, Estimation --- Techniques, Indirect Estimation --- CAT Scan, X Ray --- CT X Ray --- Computed Tomography, X-Ray --- Computed X Ray Tomography --- Computerized Tomography, X Ray --- Electron Beam Tomography --- Tomography, X Ray Computed --- Tomography, X-Ray Computer Assisted --- Tomography, X-Ray Computerized --- Tomography, X-Ray Computerized Axial --- Tomography, Xray Computed --- X Ray Computerized Tomography --- X Ray Tomography, Computed --- X-Ray Computer Assisted Tomography --- X-Ray Computerized Axial Tomography --- CAT Scan, X-Ray --- CT Scan, X-Ray --- Cine-CT --- Computerized Tomography, X-Ray --- Electron Beam Computed Tomography --- Tomodensitometry --- Tomography, Transmission Computed --- X-Ray Tomography, Computed --- Beam Tomography, Electron --- CAT Scans, X-Ray --- CT Scan, X Ray --- CT Scans, X-Ray --- CT X Rays --- Cine CT --- Computed Tomography, Transmission --- Computed Tomography, X Ray --- Computed Tomography, Xray --- Computed X-Ray Tomography --- Scan, X-Ray CAT --- Scan, X-Ray CT --- Scans, X-Ray CAT --- Scans, X-Ray CT --- Tomographies, Computed X-Ray --- Tomography, Computed X-Ray --- Tomography, Electron Beam --- Tomography, X Ray Computer Assisted --- Tomography, X Ray Computerized --- Tomography, X Ray Computerized Axial --- Transmission Computed Tomography --- X Ray Computer Assisted Tomography --- X Ray Computerized Axial Tomography --- X Ray, CT --- X Rays, CT --- X-Ray CAT Scan --- X-Ray CAT Scans --- X-Ray CT Scan --- X-Ray CT Scans --- X-Ray Computed Tomography --- X-Ray Computerized Tomography --- Xray Computed Tomography --- Breathing --- physiology --- therapy --- methods --- diagnosis --- 4D CAT Scan --- 4D CT --- 4D CT Scan --- 4D Computed Tomography --- Four-Dimensional CAT Scan --- Four-Dimensional CT --- Four-Dimensional CT Scan --- 4D CAT Scans --- 4D CT Scans --- CAT Scan, 4D --- CAT Scan, Four-Dimensional --- CAT Scans, 4D --- CAT Scans, Four-Dimensional --- CT Scan, 4D --- CT Scan, Four-Dimensional --- CT Scans, 4D --- CT Scans, Four-Dimensional --- CT, Four-Dimensional --- CTs, Four-Dimensional --- Computed Tomography, 4D --- Computed Tomography, Four-Dimensional --- Four Dimensional CAT Scan --- Four Dimensional CT --- Four Dimensional CT Scan --- Four Dimensional Computed Tomography --- Four-Dimensional CAT Scans --- Four-Dimensional CT Scans --- Scan, 4D CAT --- Scan, 4D CT --- Scan, Four-Dimensional CAT --- Scan, Four-Dimensional CT --- Scans, 4D CAT --- Scans, 4D CT --- Scans, Four-Dimensional CAT --- Scans, Four-Dimensional CT --- Tomography, Four-Dimensional Computed --- Physics. --- Nuclear medicine. --- Respiratory organs --- Medical physics. --- Radiation. --- Biomedical engineering. --- Medical and Radiation Physics. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Pneumology/Respiratory System. --- Biomedical Engineering. --- Nuclear Medicine. --- Diseases. --- Pneumology. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Health physics --- Health radiation physics --- Medical radiation physics --- Radiotherapy physics --- Radiation therapy physics --- Atomic medicine --- Radioisotopes in medicine --- Medical radiology --- Radioactive tracers --- Radioactivity --- Physiological effect --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Respiratory organs—Diseases. --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Radiology