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In this work of impressive scholarship, Sheldon Pollock explores the remarkable rise and fall of Sanskrit, India's ancient language, as a vehicle of poetry and polity. He traces the two great moments of its transformation: the first around the beginning of the Common Era, when Sanskrit, long a sacred language, was reinvented as a code for literary and political expression, the start of an amazing career that saw Sanskrit literary culture spread from Afghanistan to Java. The second moment occurred around the beginning of the second millennium, when local speech forms challenged and eventually replaced Sanskrit in both the literary and political arenas. Drawing striking parallels, chronologically as well as structurally, with the rise of Latin literature and the Roman empire, and with the new vernacular literatures and nation-states of late-medieval Europe, The Language of the Gods in the World of Men asks whether these very different histories challenge current theories of culture and power and suggest new possibilities for practice.

Sanskrit literature --- Indic literature --- Politics and literature --- Literature and society --- Political aspects --- History and criticism --- History --- History. --- Political aspects. --- History and criticism. --- Literature --- Literature and sociology --- Society and literature --- Sociology and literature --- Sociolinguistics --- Social aspects --- Literature and politics --- East Indian literature --- Indian literature (East Indian) --- Indo-Aryan literature --- Smṛti literature --- Sanskrit literature - To 1500 - Political aspects --- Sanskrit literature - To 1500 - History and criticism --- Indic literature - To 1500 - History --- Indic literature - To 1500 - Political aspects --- Politics and literature - India - History. --- Literature and society - India - History